An accurate method of solution is developed for the Warner and McIntyre parameterization of non-orographic gravity-wave drag for the case of hydrostatic dynamics in the absence of rotation. The new scheme is sufficiently fast that it is suitable for operational use in a general circulation model. Multi-year climate runs of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model are performed using the new scheme,...

Introduction Many of the low-to-moderate temperature ( < 15OOC) hydrothermal resources being developed in the United States occur in near-surface aquifers. These shallow thermal anomalies, typical of the Basin and Range and Cascades are attributed to hydrothermal circulation. The aquifers are often associated with faults, fractures, and highly complex geological settings; they are often very li...

The extensive nuclear bomb testing of the fifties and sixties and the final tests in the seventies caused a strong 36Cl peak that has been observed in ice cores worldwide. The measured 36Cl deposition fluxes in eight ice cores (Dye3, Fiescherhorn, Grenzgletscher, Guliya, Huascarán, North GRIP, Inylchek (Tien Shan) and Berkner Island) were compared with an ECHAM5-HAM general circulation model si...

Single Column Model (SCM) versions of parent general circulation models (GCMs), accompanied by cloud-resolving models (CRMs) that crudely resolve cloud-scale dynamics, have increasingly been used to simulate limited time periods of observations, driven not so much by specific science questions but by the availability of field experiment data or enhanced soundings during Intensive Observation Pe...

Using econometric tools for selecting I(1) and I(2) trends, we found the existence of static long-run steady-state and dynamic long-run steady-state relations between temperature and radiative forcing of solar irradiance and a set of three greenhouse gases series. Estimates of the adjustment coefficients indicate that temperature series is error correcting around 5e65% of the disequilibria each...

A new coupled middle atmosphere and thermosphere general circulation model has been developed, and some first results are presented. An investigation into the effects of the diurnal tide upon the mean composition, dynamics and energetics was carried out for equinox conditions. Previous studies have shown that tides deplete mean atomic oxygen in the upper mesosphere-lower thermosphere due to an ...

Aeolian sandstones are found intimately associated with Late Neoproterozoic ‘snowball Earth’ glacial deposits. Studying the nature of these aeolian deposits offers the great potential to elicit new and important information regarding the wind conditions during these extreme glacial intervals. Wind direction is the dominant paleoclimatic indicator that can be derived from aeolian deposits and on...

The thermosphere model is a global three-dimensional time-dependent general circulation model. The details of the model have been described by Ref 4. We will limit our discussion here to features unique to this study, and general points that will be useful in the discussion that follows. First we describe the symmetry assumptions, boundary conditions and physical parameters of the model, before...

[1] Anthropogenic change of the Atlantic meridional ocean heat transport (AOHT) is diagnosed from a large ensemble of climate simulations over the period 1940– 2080, as well as its relation to changes in the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and the gyre circulation in the Atlantic. Internal variability in AOHT is closely associated with MOC variability. The anthropogenic change in AOHT,...

[1] The stability of the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is examined using a coupled model of intermediate complexity. Two slightly different climatic states are generated. One has a southward overturning freshwater transport at the southern border of the Atlantic basin, the other a northward transport. Pulse experiments with varying magnitude always result in a collapsed ci...