In NLLT 7,1 (1989), Geoffrey Pullum laments the impending doom of formal linguistics in favor of the "gentle, vague, cuddly sort of linguistics" that he feels I have been advocating since a shift of opinion that he traces to 1979. His account, however, is based on misreading and serious misunderstandings. I will keep to the latter. Two interrelated issues lie in the background: the status of fo...

with the emergence of the theory of control in linguistics and the introduction of pro as one of the empty categories in government and binding, one can find the investigation of the interpretive properties of pro in the generative agenda. within these studies, especially within the minimalist tradition, some new properties were added to the list while others lost their values. as such, a new p...

In the first place, I liked the title; human conceptual memory is associative, and it is nice to see that assertion right up front in the title of this important book. I have always considered the issue of whether any memory system was associative or nonassociative to be fundamental. The first memory paper I ever wrote (Wickelgren, 1965) presented a definition of one type of associative memory ...

A language independent model for recognition and production of word forms is presented. This "two-level model" is based on a new way of describing morphological alternations. All rules describing the morphophonological variations are parallel and relatively independent of each other. Individual rules are implemented as finite state automata, as in an earlier model due to Martin Kay and Ron Kapl...

BACKGROUND Taiwan's NHI system is one of the most successful health care models for countries around the globe. However, little research has demonstrated the mental health issues associated with nursing transformational leadership style under the NHI system, especially in the quality of nurses' working lives in Taiwan. It is important to know the relationship between transformational leadership...

This study aimed at empirically clarifying the similarities and differences between transformational, transactional, and charismatic leadership. More specifically, the convergent, divergent, and criterion validity of two instruments, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) and the Conger and Kanungo Scales (CKS), was explored. It was found that transformational and charismatic leaders...

This article examines transformational leadership and servant leadership to determine what similarities and differences exist between the two leadership concepts. The authors posit that the primary difference between transformational leadership and servant leadership is the focus of the leader. The transformational leader’s focus is directed toward the organization, and his or her behavior buil...

Article history: Received 31 August 2010 Received in revised form 26 July 2012 Accepted 31 July 2012 Available online 28 August 2012 In this experimental study we integrate transformational leadership theory with recent theoretical considerations and research on core self-evaluations (CSE) in a contingency approach to leadership. We analyze to what extent high state CSE may represent a substitu...