The increasing complexity of real-time embedded systems requires appropriate methods and techniques to support the development including the specification and analysis of different architectural aspects. A large number of architectural description languages (ADL) have been proposed with varying focus and application domains. There is a need for harmonization of these ADLs. This can be from deve...

The main objective of this study was to determine the allelopathic impact of dominant species (Calamagrostis epigeios, Rubus idaeus and Chamaenerion angustifolium) of clear-cuttings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests (Vaccinio-myrtillo Pinetum) on test species germination emphasizing the forest ecosystem establishment. Aqueous extracts of roots and shoots were produced at different gro...

Opportunities to directly study infrequent forest disturbance events often lead to valuable information about vegetation dynamics. In mesic temperate forests of North America, stand-replacing crown fire occurs infrequently, with a return interval of 2000-3000 years. Rare chance events, however, may have profound impacts on the developmental trajectories of forest ecosystems. For example, it has...

One of the treatment strategies for diabetes mellitus is to inhibit specific digestive enzymes in order reduce carbohydrates absorption intestines. In this study, inhibitory activity toward α-amylase enzyme were determined methanolic extracts leaves two species genus Crataegus; monogyna, and azarolus var aronia, three Rubus; sanctus, hedycarpus, collinus. The collected during spring autumn seas...

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. It is listed among the top "serious threats" to human health in the USA, due in large part to rising rates of resistance. Many S. aureus infections are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy due to their ability to form a biofilm, which acts not only as a physical barrier to antibiotics and the immune system, but results in d...

Phages able to infect the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora were isolated from apple, pear, and raspberry tissues and from soil samples collected at sites displaying fire blight symptoms. Among a collection of 50 phage isolates, 5 distinct phages, including relatives of the previously described phages phiEa1 and phiEa7 and 3 novel phages named phiEa100, phiEa125, and phiEa116C, were identi...

Abstract Background Meligethes are pollen-beetles associated with flowers of Rosaceae as larvae. This genus currently consists 63 known species in two subgenera, and Odonthogethes, predominantly occurring the eastern Palaearctic. We analyzed 74 morphological ecological characters (169 states) all species, well 11 outgroup from 7 Meligethinae genera (including Brassicogethes ), to investigate th...