Gingival enlargement or gingival overgrowth is the abnormal growth of periodontal tissues. Drug induced gingival enlargement is one of the most common cause of enlarged gingiva. Drugs associated with gingival enlargement are divided in to three major groups namely anticonvulsants, immunosuppressant and calcium channel blockers [1]. Among the anticonvulsants, phenytoin is most commonly associate...

Gingival fenestrations are an opening through unattached oral keratinized tissue. Gingival fenestrations have rarely been reported in the literature. However, these lesions may be more common than has been reported; lack of symptoms may inhibit patient awareness. The etiology of these lesions are clearly unknown. In this article, two cases of gingival fenestration due to poor oral hygiene in ad...

Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to apical migration of the gingival tissue margins. The principal objectives of treating a gingival recession are to achieve better esthetics and reduce hypersensitivity. The gingival biotype is an important modifying factor in the treatment of gingival recession. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the significance of changing the s...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate a possible relationship between gingival biotypes and gingival thickness, papilla height and gingival width. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six adult subjects were stratified by their gingival biotype (GB), as defined by transparency of a periodontal probe through the buccal gingival margin, into "thin" (18 subjects) and "thick" (18 subjects) GB. Out of these, extreme case...

OBJECTIVE Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is used clinically to promote periodontal tissue regeneration. However, the effects of EMD on gingival epithelial cells during regeneration of periodontal tissues are unclear. In this in vitro study, we purified ameloblastin from EMD and investigated its biological effects on epithelial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bioactive fractions were purified from...

The purpose of this research was to quantify the visual display (presence) or lack of display (absence) of interdental papillae during maximum smiling in a patient population aged 10 to 89 years. Four hundred twenty digital single-lens reflex photographs of patients were taken and examined for the visual display of interdental papillae between the maxillary anterior teeth during maximum smiling...

A non-neuronal cholinergic system that includes neuronal-like nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) has recently been described in epithelial cells that line the skin and the upper respiratory tract. Since the use of nicotine-containing products is associated with morbidity in the upper digestive tract, and since nicotine may alter cellular functions directly via nAChRs, we sought to ident...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of hereditary disorders primarily characterized by developmental abnormalities in the quantity and/or quality of enamel. There are some reports suggesting an association between AI and generalized gingival enlargement. This paper describes the clinical findings and oral management of two siblings presenting both AI and hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HG...

Introduction: Gingival enlargement is the term now used to describe medication-related gingival overgrowth or gingival hyperplasia, a common reactionary phenomenon that occurs with the use of several types of therapeutic agents, including antiepileptic drugs. This disorder has been recognized since 1939, shortly after the introduction of phenytoin. Methods: Review of literature concerning etiol...

Recent advances in tissue engineering technology suggest its application in different medical fields, including periodontology. There are some reports of new non-enzymatic methods of isolating human gingival fibroblast for short-time cultivation in vitro to be used in autologous gingival augmentation. The aim of this study was to obtain a simple and established method of culturing human gingiva...