The effect of D-glucosamine on the metabolism of adenine and uridine nucleotides in Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells was investigated as part of an effort to determine the biochemical basis for the cytotoxic effects of glucosamine on tumor cells. Incubation of ascites tumor cells with exogenous glucosamine resulted in a 4-fold increase in the pool size of UDP-N-acetylhexosamine. A large fraction...

Leloir and Cardini in 1953 described an enzyme from Neurospora crassa which formed glucosamine from n-hexose 6-phosphate and n-glutamine (2). Formation of glucosamine by cell-free extracts of streptococci in the presence of glucose, adenosine triphosphate, and glutamine was also reported by Lowther and Rogers (3). Although no similar system was described in mammalian tissues, evidence obtained ...

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is the major limiting factor after Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this study, we report a HSCT-patient who developed arthritis 10-month after allogeneic sibling transplantation, treated with glucosamine-hydrochloride and developed severe acute GVHD within three weeks after the administration of glucosamine. Another HSCT-recipient with an incr...

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of glucosamine, chondroitin, the two in combination, or celecoxib in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched through from inception to February 2015. A total of 54 studies covering 16427 patients were included. Glucosamine plus chondroitin, glucosamine alone, and celecoxib were all ...

Despite the lack of safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, multicomponent dietary supplements (nutraceuticals) have become increasingly popular as primary or adjunct therapies for clinical osteoarthritis in veterinary medicine. Phycox® is a line of multicomponent joint support supplements marketed for joint health in dogs and horses. Many of the active constituents are recognized an...

The relationship between two aminopolysaccharide stereoisomers, namely α-(1→4)- and β-(1→4)-linked (N-acetyl)-D-glucosamine polymers, is of significant interest within the field of polysaccharide science, as they correspond to amino analogs of the representative abundant natural polysaccharides, viz. amylose and cellulose. While the latter glucosamine polymer is the basis of well-known natural ...

OBJECTIVE To refresh the athletic trainer's knowledge of articular cartilage biomechanics, physiology, and structure and explore the role of glucosamine sulfate in treating articular cartilage pathologic conditions, including supplementation methods and clinical outcomes. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE from 1989 through 2000 and SPORT Discus from 1975 through 2000 using the following key wo...

Sir, Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is an important cause of acute renal dysfunction resulting from immunemediated tubulointerstitial injury. The commonest causes of TIN include drugs and infection. Acute interstitial nephritis accounts for up to 15% of patients hospitalized for acute renal dysfunction. Glucosamine is a relatively new alternative therapy for the treatment of osteoarth...

BACKGROUND Glucosamine is commonly prescribed as a disease modulating agent in osteoarthritis. However, the evidence to date suggests that it has a limited impact on the clinical symptoms of the disease including joint pain, radiological progression, function and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the prescribing patterns of glucosamine from 2002-2011 in an elderly Irish nati...

OBJECTIVE To assess the incidence of Total Joint Replacement (TJR) during the long-term follow-up of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) formerly receiving treatment with glucosamine sulphate or placebo. METHODS Knee OA patients participating in two previous randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 3-year trials of glucosamine sulphate and receiving treatment for at least 12 months, w...