today, due to the direct and reverse logistics plays an important role in reducing the costs in supply chain. in this paper, in order to provide a closed-loop supply chain network including supply centers, production, distribution, collection, recycling and disposal of a used linear mixed integer programming. this paper to consider multi-period and multi-product in multi-level supply chain and ...

This research was conducted to organize and model a comprehensive paratransit dispatching task activity in a computer-assisted control room. The dispatching task involves continuous monitoring and interaction with archived and real-time data using a dispatch software. Extensive field observations and video recordings of dispatch operations were conducted. Then, an expert dispatcher was used to ...

In order to attain waste reduction and the closing of material life cycles, the Dutch Ministry of Environment made an attempt to sign a covenant with the producers and importers of household appliances (the so-called white and brown goods). The negotiations started in 1992 involving all stakeholders: representatives of the producers and importers, the government (state, provincial and local lev...

Within the span of a few years, image processing has evolved from an esoteric, expensive technology to an indispensable tool used by modern businesses to manage the overwhelming flood of paperwork. Some of the background for this evolution and the development of the IBM system solution for image processing, Image-Plus", are described in this paper. I nformation is the lifeblood of the modem bus...

I characterize a finite additive utility representation for preferences over menus. The numbers of both positive and negative components in this representation are expressed explicitly in terms of preference. These expressions can be used to characterize models of temptation, perfectionism, context effects, and other phenomena. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D81

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the actual activities conducted by public health nurses during their dispatch and their health status during and after dispatch to the three prefectures most severely affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake. SAMPLE A survey request was sent to a total of 2,237 facilities. Of these, 778 facilities returned questionnaires from dispatched public health...

This paper presents a new efficient approach to Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problems with non-convex cost functions using PSO-ANN. The practical ELD problems have non-smooth cost functions considering valve point loading effects with equality and inequality constraints that make the problem of finding the global optimum difficult using any traditional mathematical approach. Therefore, Particle...

In this paper, Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) solutions to economic dispatch (ED), NOx emission dispatch (EmD), and economic-emission dispatch (EED) of a sample system consisting of six thermal generators are presented. Transmission losses are included. The results of HNN are compared with the results of LM.

This thesis investigates the application of marginal cost based spot pricing techniques to the short run coordination of decentralised, and potentially competitive, electricity markets. A Dispatch Based Pricing philosophy is proposed which requires that the dispatcher of a power system determine spot prices which are consistent with both the observed power system dispatch and the offers and bid...