BACKGROUND In a recently published article, it was suggested that governance was the significant structural factor affecting the epidemiology of HIV. This suggestion was made notwithstanding the observed weak correlation between governance and HIV prevalence (r = .2). Unfortunately, the paper raised but left unexamined the potentially more important questions about the relationship between the ...

This paper uses a comprehensive survey of the entire U.S. trucking fleet to investigate patterns in the terms of trade between carriers and shippers during 1987 and 1992. Analysis of the 1992 data suggests that internal procurement and longterm contracts are used to alleviate hold-up problems associated with the use of specific trailers. The relationships between governance structure and measur...

This paper uses a comprehensive survey of the entire U.S. trucking fleet to investigate patterns in the terms of trade between carriers and shippers during 1987 and 1992. Analysis of the 1992 data suggests that internal procurement and longterm contracts are used to alleviate hold-up problems associated with the use of specific trailers. The relationships between governance structure and measur...

Epistemic governance and epistemic innovation policy formulate a critique against too-narrowly defined approaches to governance, where governance follows onesidedly bureaucratic or technocratic considerations. Instead, epistemic governance (also quality management and quality enhancement) and epistemic innovation policy should be regarded as a plea for a more comprehensive understanding, where ...

This is a reply to the paper entitled Structure, (governance) and health: an unsolicited response by Daniel D Reidpath and Pascale Allotey.

We develop a dynamic tradeoff model to examine the importance of manager-shareholder conflicts in capital structure choice. In the model, firms face taxation, refinancing costs, and liquidation costs. Managers own a fraction of the firms’ equity, capture part of the free cash flow to equity as private benefits, and have control over financing decisions. Using data on leverage choices and the mo...

An essential question for every business is " How is value created? " Since the industrial age, value is created through a value chain, a chain of consecutive value activities that all together create a tangible product. However, with the current information technology, our economy shifts increasingly towards the economic offering of more complex, intangible products. Enabled by information tec...

transaction cost economics (williamson, 1985) is a theory of the firm in new institutional economics that has been applied for analysing economic transaction; especially, make-or-buy decisions or vertical mergers in firms. the contribution of this paper is applying this theory for a political issue that is party formation. transaction cost economics links the party formation to the transaction ...