This paper investigates the importance of political ideology and opportunism in the choice of the tax structure. In particular, we examine the effects of cabinet ideology and elections on the distribution of the tax burden across factors of production and consumption for 21 OECD countries over the period 1970-2000 by employing four alternative cabinet ideology measures and by using the methodol...

The use of the Delphi method as a systematic and logical approach to establishing consensus among international experts on the priorities for interventions in national drug policies in developing countries is described. The Delphi survey showed a high degree of reliability, as evidenced by the high response rate, the quality of respondents, and the high standard for consensus. In addition to cr...

Governments throughout the world intervene heavily in housing markets, and most have multiple policies to pursue multiple goals. This chapter deals with two of the largest types of housing policies in the United States, namely, low-income rental assistance and policies to promote homeownership through interventions in mortgage markets. We describe the rationales for the policies, the nature of ...

Comparative research on international migration has increasingly focused on immigrant integration rather than the process of emigration. By investigating the different streams of Chinese migration to the United States and Europe, as well as the different stages of Chinese migration to the U.S., this study examines the way in which both receiving and sending contexts combine to shape the process...

More and more, technology and policy changes are stimulating innovative adoptions that promise to create and deliver public values through more effective public services and programs or smarter government decisions and policies. The availability of data and the effective use of new strategies and technologies, such as Big Data, semantic Web, social media, data visualizations and analytics, toge...

This article analyzes Brazilian national health priorities from 2003 to 2008 under the Lula Administration. The study included a literature review, document analysis, and interviews with Federal health administrators. Four priorities were identified on the national health agenda: the Family Health Program, Smiling Brazil, Mobile Emergency Services, and the Popular Pharmacy Program. The first is...

Many governments in Europe report in international enquiries that they are dissatisfied with the current demographic trends in their countries. The further one goes to the east of the continent, the stronger the publicly expressed concern. While the prime minister of Bulgaria calls his country’s ‘demographic crisis’ the number one policy priority, the president of Belarus even speaks of a natio...

considering the importance of government fiscal policy (government spending and state tax income) in economy and its effectiveness in well-being of people, this paper examines the effects of fiscal policy on poverty during the period 1386-1363 in iran. in this paper, considering the fact that poverty changes can be divided to changes in economic growth and changes in income distribution; initia...

abstract: the subject of the life satisfaction is one of the important issues in development economics literature. in this paper, the main determinants of life satisfaction such as economic factors have been considered. for data analysis, the indices of life satisfaction have been collected among 400 people in tehran and neibouring provinces by applying stratified random sampling method. then, ...