We study the dynamic electronic polarizability of a single nano-scale spherical metallic grain using a quantum mechanical approach. We introduce the model for interacting electrons bound in the grain allowing us numerically to calculate the frequency dependence of the polarizability of grains of different sizes. We show that within this model the main resonance peak corresponding to the surface...

smaller devices and reduced form factors with time, resulting in new challenges. Reduction in device and interconnect solder bump sizes has led to increased current density in these small solders. Higher level of electromigration occurring due to increased current density is of great concern affecting the reliability of the entire microelectronics systems. This presentation reviews electromigra...

The amount of plastic strain caused by the motion of a single dislocation across an individual nanosize grain is drastically higher than the amount ecorded for larger grain sizes. As a result, in nanocrystalline materials, only a small number of dislocations would need to move within each ndividual grain in order to accommodate the plastic strain on the entire sample. This observation leads to ...

Interstellar medium is turbulent and this induces relative motions of dust grains. We calculate relative velocities of charged grains in a partially ionized magnetized gas. We account for anisotropy of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, grain coupling with magnetic field, and the turbulence cutoff arising from the ambipolar drag. We obtain grain velocities for turbulence with parameters cons...

Polycrystalline Platinum Nanofilms Q. G. ZHANG, B. Y. CAO, X. ZHANG, M. FUJII and K. TAKAHASHI, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 2006, 18, (34), 7937–7950 The thicknesses of the studied polycrystalline Pt nanofilms (1) ranged from 15.0–63.0 nm and the mean grain sizes varied from 9.5–26.4 nm. The thermal conductivities of (1) measured by a direct electrical heating method are greatly reduced from the...

Measurements of the charge of dust grains have been performed in a quasineutral plasma over a wide range of grain sizes. A new method was established for measuring the charge on grains levitating in the striations of a dc glow discharge. A single dust particle is moved out of a dust cloud with the help of a focused laser beam. When it leaves the beam it returns back to the cloud, and the charge...

The areal density of magnetic recording on disc drives has been advancing at a pace in excess of 100% per year in recent years. This has been supported by a continual decrease in media grain size and grain size dispersion and by the use of anti-ferromagnetically coupled (AFC) media. Although it is expected that further gains will be achieved, it is clear that achieving these gains is becoming m...

Recently, the grain boundary−intragranular nucleation of ferrite has received great attention seeking for the improvement of the toughness in the steel, specially when conventional austenite grain refinement techniques are not enough. This paper deals with some relevant aspects about the competitive process of allotriomorphic and idiomorphic ferrite transformations in a medium carbon vanadium-t...

For grain sizes finer than coarse sand, the first flow-transverse bedforms to develop are current ripples. Although numerous studies have analysed different aspects of bedform morphodynamics, to date no comprehensive physical explanation for the formation of ripples has been given. We offer such an explanation based on a virtual boundary layer concept, and present a model predicting ripple heig...

In order to better understand groundwater influx and protection in coal mining extraction works, an in-house water flow apparatus coupled with an industrial rock testing system, known as MTS 815.02, were used to study the effects of grain size mixtures on the compaction and flow properties of disintegrated, or non-cemented, coal samples. From the Reynolds number evaluation of the samples with d...