OBJECTIVES It is our aim to understand the mechanisms that make calcium phosphates, such as bioactive calcium hydroxyapatite (HA), and biphasic calcium (BCP) and β-tricalcium (β-TCP) phosphates, desirable for a variety of biological applications, such as the filling of bone defects. METHODS Here, we have characterized these materials by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractio...

In this paper we propose a scale invariant approach to capture the shape and spatial relation attributes in binary images (logos) to build an efficient logo retrieval system. We extract the shape feature using the morphological pattern spectrum for various structuring elements. The spatial relation feature is represented by computing the difference of angles made by the two largest components o...

We study the use of mathematical morphology for handprinted character recognition. Our approach uses the morphological skeleton transform as the shape descriptor. An efficient skeletonmatching algorithm, which renders the similarity between two skeletons as a distance measure, is employed. Based on this distance measure, a character is classified by a minimum distance classifier. The morphologi...

Tephra particles in physically and chemically evolving volcanic plumes and clouds carry soluble sulphate and halide salts to the Earth's surface, ultimately depositing volcanogenic compounds into terrestrial or aquatic environments. Upon leaching of tephra in water, these salts dissolve rapidly. Previous studies have investigated the spatial and temporal variability of tephra leachate compositi...

Pattern spectrum is a shape size descriptor of an object content of a digital image. It is a technique for extracting various shape and resolution information of a digital image. Basic features of Pattern Spectrum (PS) allow us to detect simple predefined shapes of a digital image what can be used in different tasks of intelligent terminal system. A discussion of the basic ideas of pattern spec...