the shapley value, one of the most common solution concepts of cooperative game theory is defined and axiomatically characterized in different game-theoretic models. certainly, the shapley value can be used in interesting sharing cost/reward problems in the operations research area such as connection, routing, scheduling, production and inventory situations. in this paper, we focus on the shapl...

In ordinary transportation problems, it is always supposed that the mileage from every source to every destination is a definite number. But in special conditions, such as transporting emergency materials when natural calamity occurs or transporting military supplies during wartime, carrying network may be destroyed, mileage from some sources to some destinations are no longer definite. It is u...

The relationship between customer satisfaction and logistic costs was mainly analyzed in the article, and the grey correlation analysis method was used to study the relationship between customer satisfaction and various activity centers, and the research result could offer decision-making references to save costs and enhance customer satisfaction for 3PL (Third Party Logistic) enterprises.

In recent years, the problem of selecting and evaluating the suppliers in supply chain management has aroused considerable interest in business firms. Owing to the development of information systems, reaching an appropriate decision for adopting discrete methods is a need. The researchers intend to present a new model in this paper as a contributing factor in the grey environment in which the r...

Structured documents have become a widely accepted concept for document manipulation applications like editing, formatting, and archiving. However, some aspects of structured documents are still not well understood. In particular, the transition in structured documents from logical structure to contents, is a grey area in which different systems use different interpretations. In this article, w...

OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to determine the association between objective, computerised texture analysis of carotid plaque ultrasonic images and embolic CT-brain infarction in patients presenting with hemispheric neurological symptoms. DESIGN Cross-sectional study in patients with 50%-99% (ECST) carotid stenosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Carotid plaque ultrasonic images (n=54, 26 with ...

BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening due to bone remodelling processes after total hip replacement is one common cause for revision surgery. In human medicine, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the gold standard for quantitative evaluation of bone mineral density, whereas in veterinary medicine conventional radiography is used for follow-up studies. Recently, a method has been described using ...

BACKGROUND This study aims to estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting prostate cancer (CAP) in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings. We addressed this research question: Is the international PSAD cutoff of 0.15 ideal for detecting CAP in our symptomatic patients with "grey zone PSA?" METHODS A...

OBJECTIVE We wanted to identify differences in grey and white matter in essential tremor patients compared to controls in the non-motor domain, using the example of impaired verbal fluency. BACKGROUND A disturbance of verbal fluency in essential tremor patients compared to healthy controls is behaviorally well described. METHODS Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics wer...