Photovoltaic (PV) systems are widely used for converting solar energy into electrical energy. However, PV susceptible to partial shading, leading fluctuations in temperature and irradiation that degrade the system's performance. To overcome this challenge, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms implemented systems. This research paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of thr...

Due to the computational complexity of multilevel image thresholding, Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm (SIOA) has been widely applied improve calculation efficiency. Therefore, more and attention paid exploring application latest SIOA in segmentation. This article takes Otsu fuzzy entropy as objective functions, using Coyote (COA) for thresholds optimization selection, through median a...

The computation of image segmentation has become more complicated with the increasing number of thresholds, and the option and application of the thresholds in image thresholding fields have become an NP problem at the same time. The paper puts forward the modified discrete grey wolf optimizer algorithm (MDGWO), which improves on the optimal solution updating mechanism of the search agent by th...

The internet of things (IoT) and industrial IoT (IIoT) play a major role in today’s world intelligent networks, they essentially use wireless sensor network (WSN) as perception layer to collect the intended data. This data is processed information send cloud servers through base station, challenge here consumption minimum energy for processing communication. dynamic formation cluster heads awar...