Both the level and the sequence of investment returns will have a big impact on retirement outcomes. Poor returns during the early years of retirement are bad news. However, the particular withdrawal strategy used affects sequence risk, and an approach where withdrawals are variable and respond to portfolio performance can improve retirement outcomes. I’ll examine the evidence and then use my o...

Over 90% of the market withdrawals were caused by drug toxicity. Hepatotoxicity and cardiovascular toxicity proved to be the major causes for two out of three market withdrawals in the respective time period. In clinical phases I-III 43% of drug development project terminations were due to insufficient efficacy of the investigated compound. The second important issue, which caused one third of ...

We consider a bank runs model à la Diamond and Dybvig (1983) with a continuum of agent types, indexed by the degree of patience. Much of our understanding based on the two-type model must be modified. The endogenous determination of a cutoff type is central to the analysis. In the case where the bank can credibly commit to a contract, the optimal contract results in socially excessive withdrawa...

The aquaculture industry in Taiwan grosses more than USD 1.1 billion annually; however, it also generates considerable waste discharge (causing eutrophication estuarine and coastal waters) heavy groundwater withdrawals land subsidence areas). Many facilities using earth ponds are affected by benthic algae, resulting an earthy odor, fixed-cage farms difficult to relocate during cold weather even...

Over the past decades, water scarcity has become prevalent in many regions of world. Previous assessments largely considered “blue water” (surface and groundwater) overlooked “green (soil moisture), despite its key role supporting crop production. Moreover, long-term evolution remains unclear. Here, we propose an agricultural index (WSIAW) that explicitly combines green blue water. The WSIAW me...

Abstract Karst aquifers in subtropical regions are characterized by high variability of water availability and quality due to changes associated with rainy dry seasons. An additional challenge for management is the combination surface-water karst groundwater systems since spatiotemporal dynamics cause quality. In these cases, adapted protection strategies required. this study, a approach catchm...

Abstract The rapid depletion of US groundwater resources and rising number dying wells in the Western brings attention to significance governance sustainability restrictions. However, such restrictions on withdrawals are likely generate spillover effects causing further environmental stresses other locations adding complexity challenges. goal this paper is improve our understanding implications...

Groundwater irrigation has been instrumental in enhancing food security and, arguably, in mitigating poverty in developing countries. Groundwater provides timely irrigation, leading to an increase in crop intensity and productivity (Food and Agriculture Organization 2003). But groundwater irrigation also contributes the most to the depletion of groundwater reserves. Countries with significant g...

Groundwater from the coastal aquifers north of Chennai is being pumped since 1981 to meet the increasing demand. Huge groundwater extracting in the coastal aquifers groundwater causes lowering of groundwater table which led to seawater intrusion. The objective of this study is to assess the behavior of this aquifer to seawater intrusion under different hydrological stresses by groundwater model...

This study quantifies current and potential future changes in transpiration, evaporation, interception loss and river discharge in response to land use change, irrigation and climate change, by performing several distinct simulations within the consistent hydrology and biosphere modeling framework LPJmL (Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land). We distinguished two irrigation simulations: a water limit...