Perceptual understanding systems often involve building hierarchical groupings. The elements of such a hierarchy range from primitive elements at the lowest levels (such as pixels, in the case of image-understanding systems) to representations of complete real-world objects at higher levels. At each level, data are grouped together because they are identified as component parts of a single feat...

How does an animal conceal itself from visual detection by other animals? This review paper seeks to identify general principles that may apply in this broad area. It considers mechanisms of visual encoding, of grouping and object encoding, and of search. In most cases, the evidence base comes from studies of humans or species whose vision approximates to that of humans. The effort is hampered ...

MOTIVATION Structured sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) models have been used to identify imaging genetic associations. These models either use group lasso or graph-guided fused lasso to conduct feature selection and feature grouping simultaneously. The group lasso based methods require prior knowledge to define the groups, which limits the capability when prior knowledge is incomple...

Traffic-related data analysis plays an important role in urban and spatial planning. Infrared video cameras have capabilities to operate at day and night and to acquire the scene sampled with video frame rate, but at the cost of geometric resolution. In this paper, an approach for the estimation of vehicle motion and the assessment of traffic activity from airborne IR video data is presented. T...

As the basic prosodic unit, the prosodic word influences the naturalness and the intelligibility greatly. Although the research shows that the lexicon word are greatly different from the prosodic word, the lexicon word still provides the important cues for the prosodic word forming. The rhythm constraint is another important factor for the prosodic word prediction. Some lexicon word length patt...

In large-scale multiple testing problems, data are often collected from heterogeneous sources and hypotheses form into groups that exhibit different characteristics. Conventional approaches, including the pooled and separate analyses, fail to efficiently utilize the external grouping information. We develop a compound decision theoretic framework for testing grouped hypotheses and introduce an ...

We present a unified computational framework which properly implements the smoothness constraint to generate descriptions in terms of surfaces, regions, curves, and labelled junctions, from sparse, noisy, binary data in 2-D or 3-D. Each input site can be a point, a point with an associated tangent direction, a point with an associated normal direction, or any combination of the above. The metho...

Multiple object tracking (MOT) is an attentional process wherein people track several moving targets among several distractors. Symmetry, an important indicator of regularity, is a general spatial pattern observed in natural and artificial scenes. According to the "laws of perceptual organization" proposed by Gestalt psychologists, regularity is a principle of perceptual grouping, such as simil...

Segregated objects can be sought simultaneously, i.e., mentally "re-grouped." Although the mechanisms underlying such "re-grouping" clearly differ from automatic grouping, it is unclear whether or not the end products of "re-grouping" and automatic grouping are the same. If they are, they would have similar impact on visual organization but would be in conflict. We compared the consequences of ...