Coastal utilities exploiting mildly saline groundwater (<150 mg/L chloride) may be challenged by disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation, a concern likely to increase with sea-level rise. Groundwater from North Carolina coastal aquifers is characterized by large variations in concentrations of halides (bromide up to 10,600 μg/L) and dissolved organic carbon (up to 5.7 mg-C/L). Formation of 33 re...

There have existed many studies about the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) that explains logic behind complex deep neural network called a black box. At same time, researchers tried to evaluate explainability performance of various XAIs. However, most previous evaluation methods are human-centric, is, subjective, where they rely on how much results explanation similar what people&#x201...

The aim of this study was to investigate long-term effects induced by rapid maxillary expansion (RME), followed by comprehensive orthodontic treatment, in a sample of 42 patients compared with normal growth changes in a sample of 20 subjects. Treated subjects underwent Haas-type RME with 2 turns a day (0.25 mm per turn) until the expansion screw reached 10.5 mm (about 21 days). The Haas expande...

We develop a theoretical model of a network of intermediaries, which we apply to the U.S. mortgage supply chain. In our model, heterogeneous financial norms and systemic vulnerabilities arise endogenously. Intuitively, the optimal behavior of each intermediary, in terms of its attitude toward risk, the quality of the projects that it undertakes, and the intermediaries it chooses to interact wit...

HE terminal process through which the genetic change induced by ultraviolet Tlight (UV) is incorporated into the genetic apparatus is the initial postirradiation deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication ( HAAS and DOUDNEY 1959; DOUDNEY and HAAS 1960). It has been suggested that two discrete radiation effects are prerequisite to incorporation of the “potential mutation” into DNA ( DOUDNEY, KADA a...