Beams of 200 MeV protons and 400 MeV/u fully stripped carbon ions are used for the treatment of solid tumours seated at a maximum depth of 27 cm. More than 100’000 patients have been treated with proton beams and more than 10’000 with carbon ions. Very low proton currents of the order of 1 nA are enough to deliver the typical dose of 2 Gy/l in one minute. In the case of carbon ions the currents...

Effectivenes of Acceptance-Commitment Therapy on the Resillience and Psycological Well-being Female Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Hamadan, Iran

We review a recent global analysis of inclusive single-charged-hadron production in high-energy colliding-beam experiments, which is performed at nextto-leading order (NLO) in the parton model of quantum chromodynamics endowed with nonperturbative fragmentation functions (FFs). Comparisons of pp data from CERN SppS and the Fermilab Tevatron and γp data from DESY HERA with the corresponding NLO ...

fter 14 years of construction, the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s largest particle accelerator, fired its first beam of protons in September from its home at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) near Geneva. Now a spinoff technology for treating cancer is also nearing its European debut. The first European center to offer carbon ion therapy — a type of radiation treatment t...