For at least the last decade, problems of standardising medical language and terminology have been a major concern of Medical Informatics. Sittig placed achieving a common ‘controlled vocabulary’ at the top of his list of ‘grand challenges’ for medical informatics [1]. Major efforts have been mounted by the United States National Library of Medicine in its UMLS project, the UK National Health S...

■ The user executed untested code. Because of time constraints, it’s not uncommon for developers to release untested code—code in which users can stumble across bugs. ■ The order in which statements were executed in actual use differed from that during testing. This order can determine whether software works or fails. ■ The user applied a combination of untested input values. The possible input...

When making a mistake, individuals are willing to apologize to secure further cooperation, even if the apology is costly. Similarly, individuals arrange commitments to guarantee that an action such as a cooperative one is in the others’ best interest, and thus will be carried out to avoid eventual penalties for commitment failure. Hence, both apology and commitment should go side by side in beh...

Doug Johnson was a clinician-scientist who made great contributions to the understanding of outflow from the eye. This lecture is in honour of Doug and explores the author's understanding of outflow in the surgical context. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Coote M. Blebs, Barriers, and Bagpipes: Why is It so Hard? J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2016; 10(3):79-84.

Although speech, derived from reading texts, and similar types of speech, e.g. that from reading newspapers or that from news broadcast, can be recognized with high accuracy, recognition accuracy drastically decreases for spontaneous speech. This is due to the fact that spontaneous speech and read speech are significantly different acoustically as well as linguistically. This paper reports anal...

Of the 200+ parallel-programming languages and environments created in the 1990s, almost all are now defunct. Given that parallel systems are now well within the budget of the typical hobbyist or graduate student, it is not unreasonable to expect a new cohort in excess of several thousand parallel languages and environments to appear in the 2010s. If this expected new cohort is to have more pra...

When making a mistake, individuals are willing to apologize to secure further cooperation, even if the apology is costly. Similarly, individuals arrange commitments to guarantee that an action such as a cooperative one is in the others’ best interest, and thus will be carried out to avoid eventual penalties for commitment failure. Hence, both apology and commitment should go side by side in beh...

I is puzzling that firms often continue to invest in product development projects when they should know that demand will be low. We argue that bad products are hard to kill because firms face an inherent conflict when designing managers’ incentives. Rewarding success encourages managers to forge ahead even when demand is low. To avoid investing in low-demand products, the firm must also reward ...

A key part of experiment design is determining how much data to collect. When the data comes in the form of a timeseries, the sample size is expressed both by the count N of the observations and the duration T of the historical period over which observations were made. For forecasting the drift of an asset price process with continuous sample paths, it turns out that the duration is key. I demo...

ware productivity may welldepend on ’ tors, and other related products that the software community’s ability to support reuse and open systems have combine existing pieces of software to been developed. produce new applications. The current Yet the systematic construction of build-from-scratch techniques that large-scale software applications from dominate most software production existing part...