Therapeutic cannabis administration is increasingly used in Western countries due to its positive role in several pathologies. Dronabinol or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) pills, ethanolic cannabis tinctures, oromucosal sprays or table vaporizing devices are available but other cannabinoids forms can be used. Inspired by the illegal practice of dabbing of butane hashish oil (BHO), cannabinoids from...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of treatment programs in addiction field is a prerequisite to improve the quality of care. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Therapeutic Community (TC) program in Iran. METHODS Individuals who had voluntarily enrolled in the TC center within a period of seven years, from early 2005 to late 2011, entered the study. Those who successfully completed the 1...

Cannabinoid ligands regulate bone mass, but skeletal effects of cannabis (marijuana and hashish) have not been reported. Bone fractures are highly prevalent, involving prolonged immobilization and discomfort. Here we report that the major non-psychoactive cannabis constituent, cannabidiol (CBD), enhances the biomechanical properties of healing rat mid-femoral fractures. The maximal load and wor...

The mesolimbic dopamine system has recently been implicated in the long-term aversive consequences of withdrawal from major drugs of abuse. In the present study we sought to determine whether mesolimbic dopamine neurons are involved in the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying withdrawal from chronic cannabinoid exposure. Rats were treated chronically with the major psychoactive ingredient of has...

Introduction The first studies reporting the detection of drugs of abuse in oral fluid (saliva) were published more than 20 years ago. Oral fluid has been widely used as a specimen in pharmacokinetic studies, therapeutic drug monitoring and for the detection of illicit drugs. Laboratories specializing in the risk assessment business have used oral fluid to test for HIV, cotinine and cocaine met...

e reviews by Izet Masic at al give me the pleasure of enjoying the passionate ideas and advances of Arabic medicine over the end of IX and beginning X centuries (1, 2, 3). ey state this the renaissance to several representative islamic authors such as Avicenna, Aver-roes, Rhazes, Avenzor, Ibn al-Nafis, Abulcasis, and many other wise men in di erent sciences and disciplines. is period is conside...

This paper describes an inquiry into the effects of giving oral doses of the narcotic drug variously known as hashish, marijuana and, in South Africa, dagga. The drug is a preparation from the plant Cannabis sativa whose narcotic effect has been known for centuries. The writer’s interest in it was inspired by the work in recent years on the mental disturbances produced by the active principles ...

The cannabis plant and products produced from it, such as marijuana and hashish, have been used for centuries for their psychoactive properties. The mechanism for how Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active constituent of cannabis, elicits these neurological effects remained elusive until relatively recently, when specific G-protein coupled receptors were discovered that appeared to med...

BACKGROUND Adolescence is the period of stress and strain. Researchers have shown that adolescents without strong social supports would have tendency towards smoking and drug abuse. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between low self-esteem and illegal drug abuse. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants were 943 grades nine to 12 high school students, from Sarakhs during 20...

Gas chromatography was used to study the cannabinoid content (‘‘potency’’) of illicit cannabis seized by police in England in 2004 ⁄5. Of the four hundred and fifty two samples, indoor-grown unpollinated female cannabis (‘‘sinsemilla’’) was the most frequent form, followed by resin (hashish) and imported outdoor-grown herbal cannabis (marijuana). The content of the psychoactive cannabinoid D-te...