Simultaneous recording of intracardiac pressures and heart sounds has been made possible by the introduction of a high-frequency micromanometer developed by Soulie et al. (1954). Using this technique Soulie et al. (1961) have reported their findings in congenital and acquired heart disease. Analysing the second heart sound in recordings from the pulmonary artery and right ventricle in 11 cases ...

A case of Ebstein's malformation of the tricuspid valve with persistent foramen secundum and right bundle-branch block is presented. Preoperative tracings revealed three distinct components of the first sound with normal intervals between them. After resection of a single floating tricuspid leaflet, closure of the septal defect, and insertion of a Starr-Edwards valve, the phonocardiogram again ...

demonstrated that the second heart sound results from closure of the semilunar valves.1 In 1865, on the basis of clinical observations, Potain indicated that the second heart sound may be split into two components and that the degree of this splitting may vary with respiration.2 More recently the studies of Leatham and collabora-tors3 4 have focused considerable attention on the splitting of th...

The first descriptions of the physiological third heart sound (Gibson, 1907; Hirschfelder, 1907) related its occurrence to the presence of a wave in the venous pulse immediately following the V wave. Thayer (1908) showed that the sound occurs simultaneously with the downstroke of the V wave or the upstroke of the wave that immediately follows; this corresponds to the period in the cardiac cycle...

An innovative intelligent diagnostic system is proposed in this study, which is primarily reflected in first heart sound (S1) and second heart sound (S2) automatic extraction, frequency feature matrix (FFM) automatic extraction, diagnostic feature y1 and y2 generation based on principal components analysis (PCA) and diagnostic method definition based on the classification boundary curves. Four ...

The phonocardiograph was born soon after the electrocardiograph, but their growth has been unequal in that the latter has been applied immediately to clinical medicine and has flourished while the former test, used to display such murmurs as the presystolic and the one identified with patent ductus arteriosus, has become largely exhibitional and for that reason has lost ground. More recently, h...

AN INCREASE in the magnitude of splitting of the 2 components of the second heart sound, as heard in the pulmonary area during inspiration, has been recognized for nearly a century.1 Recent reports2' 3 suggest that this phenomenon is due to a relative delay of pulmonary valve closure when the increased venous return during inspiration causes prolongation of right ventricular meehanical systole....

P ROPER elinical anialysis of the secondll heart sound has oily recently been emphasized.1 An ullderstalldill(r of the normal second heart sound has increased the diagnoslie usefulness of its variations in congenital and acquired heart disease. In atrial septal (lefeet, as emphasized by Wood,( the aortic aid pulmnonic coniponelits of the second heart sou]d(l are not o0ly widely separated, but t...

We report a patient who developed aortic regurgitation and first degree atrioventricular block caused by infective endocarditis complicating aortic valve stenosis. There was premature closure of the mitral valve and, in the absence of an Austin Flint murmur, a simultaneous high frequency sound was audible which we regard as a presystolic first heart sound. That such a sound may be associated wi...