background : necessity of evaluating heat stress in the workplace, require validation of indices and selection optimal index. the present study aimed to assess the precision and validity of some heat stress indices and select the optimum index for using in heavy work activities in hot and dry climates. methods: it carried out on 184 workers from 40 brick kilns workshops in the city of qom, cent...

A physiological strain index (PSI) based on rectal temperature (Tre) and heart rate (HR) was recently suggested to evaluate exercise-heat stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate PSI for gender differences under various combinations of exercise intensity and climate. Two groups of eight men each were formed according to maximal rate of O2 consumption (V˙o 2 max). The first group of men...

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Abstract Background Ankle–brachial index (ABI) is a noninvasive and cheap measurement that used to define peripheral arterial disease (PAD). It as marker predict coronary artery (CAD). The SYNTAX score was created quantify the extent of CAD in patients with multivessel disease. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) useful method for evaluating left ventricular (LV) volumes ejecti...

There are many difficulties associated with the assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Infrared thermography has been used to quantify joint inflammation. The heat distribution index (HDI) is reproducible, sensitive, quantifiable, and not subject to circadian variation or interobserver error. In this study the HDIs for both elbows, wrists, knees, and ankles were summated and co...

Heat strain in chemical protective clothing is an important factor in industrial and military practice. Various improvements to the clothing to alleviate strain while maintaining protection have been attempted. More recently, selectively permeable membranes have been introduced to improve protection, but questions are raised regarding their effect on heat strain. In this paper the use of select...

the objective of this paper is to present a design procedure for compact plate-fin heat exchangers based on full utilization of pressure drop. since, design engineers need to indices for optimum selection of plates, an appropriate  index   is   developed  and   then based on the rapid design algorithm, developed by previous investigators, the best enveloped has been modified.  the developed ind...

background and purpose: decision-making process in thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fracture (tlbf) patients with thoracolumbar injury severity and classification score (tlics) > 4 is remained controversial. on the other hand, the question is whether that the oswestry disability index (odi) can be use to assess to clinical outcomes in these patients . we aimed to study the correlation between the...

BACKGROUND Aortic diameter is an imperfect predictor of aortic complications in connective tissue disorders (CTDs). Novel indicators of vascular phenotype severity such as aortic stiffness and vertebral tortuosity index have been proposed. We assessed the relation between aortic stiffness by cardiac MRI, surgical root replacement, and rates of aortic root dilation in children and young adults w...