District energy systems have the potential to decrease the CO2 emissions linked to energy services (heating, hot water, cooling and electricity), thanks to the implementation of large polygeneration energy conversion technologies, connected to a group of buildings over a network. To transfer the energy from the large polygeneration energy conversion technologies to the users, conventional distr...

since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. the shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. however, using passive techniques, the iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...

There are (at least) two unsolved problems concerning the current state of the thermal gas in clusters of galaxies. The first is identifying the source of the heating which offsets cooling in the centers of clusters with short cooling times (the “cooling flow” problem). The second is understanding the mechanism which boosts the entropy in cluster and group gas. Since both of these problems invo...

A heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling (HPS) is a refrigeration machine by which the productions of energies are simultaneously valorized. This introductory article presents uses under form an analysis thermal demands different types buildings literature review real installations experimental systems, basis construction numerical models. The applications HPSs diverse: space cooling, d...

Thermal management of batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is essential for effective operation in all climates. This has been recognized in the design of battery modules and packs for pre-production prototype or production EVs and HEVs. Designs are evolving and various issues are being addressed. There are trade-offs between performance, functionality, volum...

An upper limit to the importance of local sources of radiation compared to the cosmic background in cosmological absorption systems is derived, as a simple consequence of the conservation of surface brightness. The limit depends only on the rate of incidence of the absorbers and the mean free path of the radiation. It is found that, on average, the ionizing radiation intensity from local source...

Increasing attention has been given to energy utilization in Turkey. In this report, we present an energy efficiency evaluation and economic feasibility analysis of a geothermal heating and cooling system (GSHP) and a mechanical compression water chiller system (ACHP) to improve the energy utilization efficiency and reduce the primary energy demand for industrial use. Analyses of a mechanical w...

In this study a new desalination unit is established. It has four cells such as cooling cell, heating cell, evaporation cell and condensation cell. Seawater is pumped into cooling cell to be preheated and then goes to evaporation cell. In the new desalination unit the evaporation and condensation cell is heated and cooled by the heating and cooling cells respectively. The heating of the evapora...

We have investigated the crystallization kinetics of Cu50Zr50 metallic glass thin films using nanocalorimetry. The crystallization process is growth-controlled during heating and nucleation-controlled during cooling, resulting in different critical heating and cooling rates to suppress crystallization. Measurements over a wide range of scanning rates (13 K/s to 21,000 K/s) reveal that crystalli...