Against the background of increasing nutrient concentrations in Irish water bodies, this study set out to gain information on the potential of agricultural grassland to lose nutrients to water. Overland flow, flow from artificial subsurface drains and stream flow were gauged and sampled during heavy rainfall events. Dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), potassium (K), total ammonia (TA), and tot...

Interseeding legumes into grass-dominated stands can benefit pasture and hay producers by increasing the yield and quality of forage they produce and reducing their need for inputs of nitrogen fertilizer. The challenge is to get the legumes established given the competition from existing vegetation. This study confirmed that suppressing the grasses with glyphosate prior to seeding results in th...

I.A. PSHENICHNOV, J.P. BONDORF, S. MASETTI, I.N. MISHUSTIN, A. VENTURA 1 Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 117312 Moscow, Russia 2 Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment, 40129 Bologna, Italy 3 Niels Bohr Institute, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 4 Kurchatov Institute, Russian Research Center, 123182 Moscow, Russia We study the simultaneous d...

BACKGROUND Stipa grandis (Poaceae) is one of the dominant species in a typical steppe of the Inner Mongolian Plateau. However, primarily due to heavy grazing, the grasslands have become seriously degraded, and S. grandis has developed a special growth-inhibition phenotype against the stressful habitat. Because of the lack of transcriptomic and genomic information, the understanding of the molec...

Selective grazing of burned patches can be intense if animal distribution is not controlled and may compound the independent effects of fire and grazing on soil characteristics. Our objectives were to quantify the effects of patch burning and grazing on wind erosion, soil water content, and soil temperature in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia Torr.) mixed prairie. We selected 24, 4-ha plots ...

We consider the scattering of lightlike matter in the presence of a heavy scalar object (such as the Sun or a Schwarzschild black hole). By treating general relativity as an effective field theory we directly compute the nonanalytic components of the one-loop gravitational amplitude for the scattering of massless scalars or photons from an external massive scalar field. These results allow a se...

Dimander, S.-O. 2003. Epidemiology and Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in FirstSeason Grazing Cattle in Sweden. Doctoral thesis. ISSN 1401-6257, ISBN 91-576-6365-3. Gastrointestinal nematode parasites of first-season grazing cattle (FSGC) are ubiquitous and practically not feasible to eradicate. Heavy infections result in clinical parasitic gastroenteritis (PGE) characterized by diarrhoea...

OBJECTIVE The presence of coliform bacteria indicates a watershed risk for harboring microbes capable of causing human disease. We hypothesized that water from watersheds that have different human- or animal-use patterns would have differing risks for the presence of coliform bacteria. METHODS; Water was collected in wilderness areas of the Sierra Nevada range in California. A total of 60 sites...

Seaweed beds play a key role in providing essential habitats and energy to coastal areas, with enhancements in productivity and biodiversity and benefits to human societies. However, the spatial extent of seaweed beds around Japan has decreased due to coastal reclamation, water quality changes, rising water temperatures, and heavy grazing by herbivores. Using monthly mean sea surface temperatur...