The study of a well-preserved crucible fragment from the Middle Kingdom Egyptian fortress in Buhen lower Nubia revealed unexpected presence numerous prills very arsenic- and nickel-rich copper alloy what looks like smelting slag. Based on optical scanning electron microscopy polished section, this paper discusses potential metallurgical process that was carried out type crucible. Strongly reduc...

F years ago, the worst one could be called was a communist. Today, it likely is not flattering to be so referred to, but worse yet to be called a regulator. Regulators are found at all levels of government; one of the missions of government is, after all, to regulate for the greater good. But because opinions vary widely on just what is the “good” that is to be served, there is the Newtonian ef...

A mathematical model that explores the basic transport phenomena in a Czochralski process, their interaction and influence on the growth of high quality oxide crystals is presented. Rare earth garnets YAG and Nd-doped YAG are considered as representative oxide materials for the purpose of modeling and numerical simulation. The model proposed is evolutionary in time, and axisymmetric in space. A...

The late prehistoric copper production site of the Vilabouly Complex in central Laos delivered different types materials that seem to be related chaine oppératoire for two main sites, Puen Baolo and Thong Na Nguak: minerals, slags crucible fragments. A selection these artefacts were analyzed (OM, SEM–EDS, XRD, bulk analyses) study extraction techniques, raw used steps at Vilabouly. various anal...

Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) and energy band gap of potassium lithium borate glasses of different composition have been studied using Fourier FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopy techniques. The glasses were melted in the alumina crucible in an electric furnace at 1100°C for 30 min until homogenous melt was obtained. The X-ray diffraction analysis was adopted for confirming the amorphous nature o...

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