Tree squirrel hepatitis B virus (THBV)-associated particles isolated from the livers of naturally infected animals share one or more antigenic determinants with hepatitis B surface antigen in solid-phase immunoassays. Characterization of THBV-associated polypeptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reproducibly demonstrated major components with apparent sizes of 15....

800x600 background : hepatitis b and c infections have remained major global health burdens during the most recent century. the viral agents responsible for these diseases share common modes of transmission with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) such as needle-sharing in iv drug abusers. coinfection of hepatitis b or c with hiv increases the rate of progression of chronic liver disease. given ...

High yielding adenovirus (Ad)-hepatitis B recombinant (Ad-Hep B) viruses were prepared by insertion of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene into the early region 3 (E3 region) of Ad4 or Ad7 vectors containing intact or largely deleted E3 regions. Both E3-deleted and non-deleted recombinants produced about six- to eight-fold higher amounts of HBsAg than previously reported recombinants. ...

BACKGROUND HIV-1 and Hepatitis B and C viruses coinfection is common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to similar routes of transmission and high levels of poverty. Most studies on HIV-1 and Hepatitis B and C viruses have occurred in hospital settings and blood transfusion units. Data on Hepatitis B and C viruses and HIV-1 coinfection in informal urban settlements in Kenya are scanty, yet they could pa...

Today, chronic viral hepatitis is considered as a public health problem in the world. Totally, 5% of the world population, especially in Asia and Africa suffer from this problem. The prevalence of acute hepatitis in America is 0.1-0.2 percent, 50% of those with hepatitis C (HCV) and 5-10% of them with hepatitis B (HCV) develop chronic hepatitis. Determining HBV and HCV genotypes is important to...

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are noncytopathic, hepatotropic members of the hepadnavirus (HBV) and flavivirus (HCV) families that cause acute and chronic necroinflammatory liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (29, 38, 79). On a worldwide basis, over 500 million people are persistently infected by these viruses and are at great risk of dying prematurely fro...

Myocarditis, until lately out of favour, is again becoming an acceptable diagnosis. The myocardium can be attacked by many organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae, spirochaetes, and parasites. Viruses are of special importance, and acute or chronic myocarditis has been occasionally described in such viral infections as measles, mumps, poliomyelitis, infectious mononucleosis, psi...

Vertical transmission (VT) is the primary route of transmission of viral hepatitis in children. The rate of VT ranges from 1-28% with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 3-15% with hepatitis C virus (HCV). VT for both viruses can occur during the intrauterine or peripartum period. VT of HBV primarily occurs by intrauterine transmission (IUT). Hepatitis B surface antigen is unable to cross the placenta ...

: In this short commentary, we discuss the most important risk factors for liver cancer. One of the most striking risks is infection with hepatitis B and C viruses, leading to chronic hepatitis, which may later develop into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The use of alcohol may lead to cirrhosis, which is scarring the liver, is associated with 30 a more increase in HCC and 10-20 times more incr...