Herbs are naturally rich in bioactive herbiceuticals or plant products with food value to keep energy balance in the body and promise substantial therapeutic value in several diseases. Major herbs have specific active ingredient(s) with cancer therapeutic effects. Herbs are now part of nutrition supplements at nonprescription counters and their selfprescription has increased at large scale in h...

On February 6, 2004, FDA issued a final rule stating that supplements containing “ephedra” present an unreasonable risk of illness to those taking them. This rule puts ban on manufacture and distribution of ephedra containing dietary supplements with effect from April 12, 2004. This was the first time in US that a supplement has been removed from the market under DSHEA (Dietary Supplement Healt...

The aim of this study was to prove whether Ginkgo biloba food supplements on the European market comply with pharmaceutical quality, and whether their composition satisfies the European Pharmacopoeia criteria. Medicinal products containing a standardised Ginkgo leaf extract are used for the improvement of cognitive impairment and quality of life in mild dementia. Further, Ginkgonis folium is us...

Herbal supplement-induced liver injury represents a growing concern in the body of drug-induced (DILI) literature, with recent studies mainland China, Iceland, and United States reporting estimated rates herb/dietary (HILI) between 1.16-6.38 per 100,000 (Björnsson et al., 2013; Shen 2019; Vega 2017). Notably, 2020 study demonstrated an increasing prevalence hepatotoxicity secondary to herbal di...

background: the increase in the use of herbal products is noticed all over the world. the safety of herbal drugs becomes particularly important in pregnant women and children. despite the fact that available data are insufficient to justify herbal use during pregnancy, exposure to herbal products is frequent in these subjects. some of the more complex reasons for preference of herbal medicine a...

objective:  unaccustomed and intense eccentric exercise is a common cause of delayed-onset muscle soreness (doms). there are multiple remedies for the treatment of doms, but its clinical and laboratory pieces of evidence are scarce. currently, the treatments proposed for doms are numerous and include pharmaceuticals, herbal remedies, stretching, massage, nutritional supplements, and other alter...