نتایج جستجو برای: herd immunity
تعداد نتایج: 92334 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
INTRODUCTION Preventable diseases like measles and mumps are occurring with increasing frequency in the U.S. despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Given concern that an outbreak may occur among military recruits, we compared serologic evidence of immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella among military recruits with known herd immunity thresholds and determined whether the current Dep...
The genetic variability at six polymorphic loci was examined within a global collection of 502 isolates of subgroup III, serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis. Nine "genoclouds" were identified, consisting of genotypes that were isolated repeatedly plus 48 descendent genotypes that were isolated rarely. These genoclouds have caused three pandemic waves of disease since the mid-1960s, the most rece...
Many high-income countries currently experience large outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles despite the availability of highly effective vaccines. This phenomenon lacks an explanation in countries where vaccination rates are rising on an already high level. Here, we build on the growing evidence that belief systems, rather than access to vaccines, are the primary barrier to ...
Abstract We model and calculate the fraction of infected population necessary to reach herd immunity, taking into account heterogeneity in infectiousness susceptibility, as well correlation between those two parameters. show that these cause effective reproduction number decrease more rapidly, consequently have a drastic effect on estimate percentage has contract disease for immunity be reached...
We examine social conditions under which high prevalence of infectious disease can become endemic within a community, in effect constituting a state of ‘herd infection’ inverse to epidemiological herd immunity. For something like AIDS, under such a circumstance, a single behavioral lapse or adverse accident will probably be a death sentence.
Measles is a highly infectious disease that has been targeted for elimination from four WHO regions. Whether and under which conditions this goal is feasible is, however, uncertain since outbreaks have been documented in populations with high vaccination coverage (more than 90%). Here, we use the example of a large outbreak in a German public school to show how estimates of key epidemiological ...
Peterson, M.J., Grant, W.E. and Davis, D.S., 1991. Simulation of host-parasite interactions within a resource management framework: impact of brucellosis on bison population dynamics. Ecol. Modelling, 54: 299-320. We describe development of a simulation model representing bison (host)-bruceilosis (parasite) interactions within a natural resource management framework. We document three phases in...
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