Microsatellite markers are widely used for genetic analysis in biomedical research, agriculture, population and evolutionary biology, as well as for forensics and diagnostics. Advances in laboratory automation and data collection have increased the throughput and have reduced the cost of large-scale genotyping. One step in the measurement process that still needs improvement is “allele calling”...

Abstract Genotyping individuals using forensic or non-invasive samples such as hair fecal increases the risk of allelic amplification failure (dropout) due to low quality and quantity DNA. One way decrease genotyping errors is increase number replicates per sample. Here, we have developed software SNP+ estimate dropout probability subsequent required obtain reliable genotype with 95%. Moreover,...

12 representative  high  quality  xian/indica  rice varieties were selected as test materials. Seven grain length genes including  GS3 ,  LGY3 qGL3 GL7 SLG7 TGW6 and  GS9 , and three width GW8 GW5  and  GS5  were tested by molecular marker. The results showed that: All have the  gs3  long-grain allele, Ezhong 5, Yujing 91, Yuzhenxiang,...

Network coding is an effective method to improving relay efficiency, by reducing the number of transmissions required to deliver data from source(s) to destination(s). However, its performance may be greatly degraded by rate mismatch, which is seldom touched in previous works and remains a challenge. In this paper, we reinterpret network coding as a mapping of modulation constellation. On this ...

Pyrosequencing is a DNA sequencing method based on the principle of sequencing-by-synthesis and pyrophosphate detection through a series of enzymatic reactions. This bioluminometric, real-time DNA sequencing technique offers unique applications that are cost-effective and user-friendly. In this study, we have combined a number of methods to develop an accurate, robust and cost efficient method ...

C57BL/6J (B6) mice are susceptible to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and have been used in metabolism research for many decades. However, the genetic component of HFD-induced obesity has not yet been elucidated. This study reports evidence for a paternal transmission of HFD-induced obesity and a correlated expression of Igf2 and Peg3 (paternal expressed gene 3) imprinted genes. We found th...

Gene-by-environment (GxE) interactions determine common disease risk factors and biomedically relevant complex traits. However, quantifying how the environment modulates genetic effects on human quantitative phenotypes presents unique challenges. Environmental covariates are complex and difficult to measure and control at the organismal level, as found in GWAS and epidemiological studies. An al...

An important clue to the evolutionary history of an allele is the structure of the neighboring region of the genome, which we term the genomic background of the allele. Consider two copies of the allele. How similar we expect their genomic background to be is strongly influenced by the age of their most recent common ancestor (MRCA). We apply diffusion theory, first used by Motoo Kimura as a to...