the aims of this study were to investigate the effect of photoperiod and light intensity on egg production and hatching rate in acartia clausi in laboratory conditions. this zooplankton was collected from caspian coastal waters of mazandaran province by the use of a 100µ net. all tests were performed in five light treatments (photoperiod) namely 24:00, 18:06, 12:12, 06:18, 00:24 (light / dark),...

In theory, lump-sum transfers are a way to redistribute wealth without distorting production decisions. Recent agricultural policy reforms are an unusual large-scale application of this concept. The 1996 Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act removed most price-contingent agricultural subsidies and replaced them with Production Flexibility Contracts—lump-sum payments with few ti...

The task of a high-level behavioural synthesis system is to create a structure to implement a given abstract specification of behaviour. The behaviour is specified at the algorithmic level, typically in the form of a high-level programming language. The synthesized structure is described at the register-transfer level. In such systems the synthesis task is guided only by the behaviour and some ...

Societies with low-level food production economies occupy the vast and diverse middle ground between hunting–fishing–foraging and agriculture. Efforts by Ford, Harris, Rindos, Zvelebil, and others to characterize this “in-between” territory are discussed, and a new conceptual framework is proposed. Domestication, the central landmark of this middle ground, is situated well away from the boundar...

Trip generation is the most time-consuming phase of the crew scheduling process. A large number of trips must be constructed while satisfying a complex set of regulations. In this paper, we present an efficient trip generation method that utilizes effectively a legality checking system in order to reduce the corresponding search space. Special pruning rules are defined using a high-level rule l...

With the plasmid DNA from a clinical isolate of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) H 10407 as template, PCR-mediated cloning of the sequence encoding the heat-labile toxin B subunit (L T -B) has been carried out. Then this sequence was recloned into the pTrc 99A and pET23a expression vectors to give the pJasmids pTRCLTB and pETLTB, respectively. After induction, the former plasmid provides...

Production scheduling in underground mines is still a manual process, and achieving a truly optimal result through manual scheduling is impossible due to the complexity of the scheduling problems. Among the underground mining methods, sub-level caving is a common mining method with a high production rate for hard rock mining. There are limited studies about long-term production scheduling...

The effect of row spacings and irrigation levels on the earliness of seed production of cotton was investigated under the Mediterranean environment of central Greece. This particular cotton growing area is exposed to risk of autumn rainfall that might cause low seed quality in fields allocated primarily for seed production. Two varieties of cotton, Celia and Hersi, were planted in two row spaci...