HIV-1 infection elicits a broad range of host responses, many of which interfere with the regulatory pathways of gene expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12), a heterodimeric cytokine essential for cell-mediated immunity against microbial infection. The inhibition of IL-12 production by accessory cells after HIV-1 infection has been identified as a potential factor responsible for impaired innate ...

IL-12 production and up-regulation of CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression are impaired in the PBMC of HIV-infected donors, and exogenous CD40L rescues IL-12 production by such cells. In this study, we implicate dysregulation of CD40L expression in the IL-12 defect associated with HIV by demonstrating that induction of CD40L expression by anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation was directly correlated with the IL-...

OBJECTIVE Cationic proteins found in cervicovaginal secretions (CVS) are known to contribute to the early antiviral immune response against HIV-infection in vitro. We here aimed to define additional antiviral factors that are over-expressed in CVS from female sex workers at high risk of infection. METHODS CVS were collected from Kenyan HIV-seronegative (n = 34) and HIV-seropositive (n = 12) f...

Since the 2000s, there has been an increase in prevalence of neurosyphilis (NS) and ocular syphilis (OS). As data about symptomatic NS/OS is limited, this study aims to assess characteristics NS/OS, according HIV status. We compared clinical biological presentation early its outcome HIV-positive HIV-negative patients. Ninety-six patients (93% men, 49% HIV-positive) were included from 2000 2016 ...

Abstract Background HIV-positive patients are increasingly being affected by non-communicable diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Data from high-income countries (HICs) indicate that have different risk-factor profiles for acute syndrome (ACS) well cardiac manifestations of this compared to HIV-negative patients. There is limited data Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and particularly South...

In the absence of interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), studies show that between 25% and 45% of HIV-infected breast-feeding women pass the virus to their infants. The rate of HIV transmission through breast-milk ranges from 12% to 26%, depending on the duration of breastfeeding, the time since HIV infection and the presence of mastitis or other systemic infections. HIV c...

Background: Hematological abnormalities are a common complication of HIV infection and occur in all stages of the infection. These abnormalities increase as the disease advances. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of bone marrow sampling in HIV-positive patients. Methods: 40 HIV-infected individuals were screened for hematological abnormalities. Investigations such as iron studies, he...

BACKGROUND HIV prevalence remains high in Cambodia among female entertainment and sex workers (FESW), and amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use significantly increases risk of infection. A successful continuum of care (CoC) is key to effective clinical care and prevention. This study aimed to describe the HIV CoC in HIV-positive FESW. We examined CoC outcomes among HIV-positive FESW participatin...