I n 1904 (some three years after the Victorian era had come to a close), Sir George Clarke KCMG, late Secretary to the Colonial Defence Committee, wrote to the editor of the Times: ‘‘The bacteriologists have made our flesh creep. We have been taught to expect ptomains in food, bacilli in the running brooks, and germs in everything’’. He continued: ‘‘We know the elaborate precautions taken in al...

In a recent article in the Journal of Applied Philosophy, Nathan Nobis outlines an argument against Carl Cohen’s influential defence of speciesism which, if successful, would be devastating [1]. This debate is of more than parochial interest, because the strategy Cohen employs to demarcate the class of beings with moral rights is widely utilized by opponents of abortion as well; it is not only ...

The aim of the current experiment was to determine the extent to which pleasant and unpleasant emotional states altered the ability of men and women to control force production on a feedback occluded motor task that was not direction specific. Participants produced a precision pinch grip with visual feedback. After 5 s, feedback was occluded and replaced with a pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral ...

In a study of sea louse parasites on chum salmon [1], we presented a host–parasite model that incorporates the effect of parasite-mediated predation on host populations. After publication of the original article, we discovered an error in the functional response of the host–parasite model that we wish to correct to prevent it from being repeated if the model is applied to other systems. The hos...

In 2010, new Chinese strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), clinically more severe than the classical strains, emerged. These strains were spread to United States in 2013 through an intercontinental transmission from China with further spreading across the world, evidencing the emergent nature of these strains. In the present study, an analysis of PEDV field sequences from Ecuador w...

Since Megaw reported the first case of topical (non-epidemic) typhus seen in India (1917), several hundreds of cases have been described from various parts of the country, the Majority of which Roy (1946) collected and entered on a map of India. This survey as ^ell as a perusal of available literature show that no cases of tropical typhus have been Published from Rajputana. In this connection ?...

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease of swine caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an Alphacoronavirus of the Coronaviridae family.1 Swine enteric coronavirus diseases (SECDs) have been known for decades, but PEDV was reported for the first time in Canada in January 2014, nine months after it was first discovered in the United States in May 2013. Even ...

Porcine epidemic diarrhea poses significant sanitation problems in the porcine industry, and has negatively affected the economy in recent years. In this study, 48 fecal specimens were collected from piglets from four intensive swine farms located in the Gansu Province of China. The molecular diversity and phylogenetic relationships between porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses (PEDV) prevalent in ...