It is well known that honeybees share information related to food sources with nestmates using a dance language that is representative of symbolic communication among non-primates. Some honeybee species engage in visually apparent behavior, walking in a figure-eight pattern inside their dark hives. It has been suggested that sounds play an important role in this dance language, even though a va...

• General fatigue, exhaustion, apathy, lethargy and sleep disturbances • Central Nervous System headache, lightheadedness, fainting, forgetfulness, • Impaired memory, difficulty concentrating, confusion, irritability • Musculoskeletal pain in joints, neck and low back and muscle tenderness • Face and Pharynx sore throat, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, atypical pain • Dermatologic – itching, ...

Abstract Small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray) control has become an issue of increasing importance for North American apiculturists throughout the past two decades. Aethina was discovered in Florida 1989, presumably transported from its native habitat sub-Saharan Africa through shipment European honey bee (Apis mellifera L) queens. Estimates damage A. were as high $3 million annually Unite...

antibacterial effects of honeybee propolis tested on the paenibacillus larvae larvae, cause of honeybee american foulbrood disease. after cultivation of bacterium in special medium we used of two antibacterial susceptibility tests: broth dilution susceptibility test and paper disk susceptibility test. in the b.d.s.t 0.32 milligrams/ml and higher concentrations of propolis inhibited growth of th...

Intensively managed agricultural landscapes have degraded the provisioning of diverse and continuous forage shelter habitats for arthropods weakened delivery ecosystem services such as insect crop pollination biological pest control. In response, farmers are incentivised to sow flower strips along field margins counteract resource bottlenecks. Yet, it is poorly understood how effective this div...

Over the last decade, unusually high losses of colonies have been reported by beekeepers across the USA. Multiple factors such as Varroa destructor, bee viruses, Nosema ceranae, weather, beekeeping practices, nutrition, and pesticides have been shown to contribute to colony losses. Here we describe a large-scale controlled trial, in which different bee pathogens, bee population, and weather con...

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are regularly faced with the task of navigating back to their hives from remote food sources. They have evolved several methods to do this, including compass-directed "vector" flights and the use of landmarks. If these hive-centered mechanisms are disrupted, bees revert to searching for the hive, but the nature and efficiency of their searching strategy have hitherto...