With advancements in computational technology, data assimilation techniques, high-resolution remote sensing, and complex climate models, numerous precipitation products are available with different spatiotemporal resolutions; however, their evaluation, especially the Himalayan region, is unexplored. Therefore, this study attempts to assess four sources (gridded observation dataset, reanalysis, ...

soil and water assessment tool model, swat, uses different layers of watershed data which out of soil layer is the important one. soil layer data should be extracted from detailed soil maps. in most developing countries including iran, these detailed maps are not available except for irrigation districts and rarely for dry land farming areas and also for some strategic places of development pur...

[1] Despite significant recent developments in computational power and distributed hydrologic modeling, the issue of how to adequately address the uncertainty associated with hydrological predictions remains a critical and challenging one. This issue needs to be properly addressed for hydrological modeling to realize its maximum practical potential in environmental decision-making processes. Ar...

Abha city is distinguished by urbanization, infrastructure, deepening watercourses, and changes in runoff flow which encourage flash floods the urban zones of many villages region. AlMahalah village prone to flooding due its geographic location near outlet convergence streams significant flow. The Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), Water Modeling (WMS), Hydrologic Enginee...

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims to reach 17 Goals (SDGs). SDGs 6 deals with water security, which refers mainly ensure availability and sus-tainable management of water. present study enhance reservoir performance under climate change deal scarcity. For this purpose, we proposed a new methodology where precipitation evaporation data provided through temporal downscaling are lev...

In component-based modeling, a complex system is represented as a series of loosely-integrated components with defined interfaces and data exchanges that allow the components to be coupled together through shared boundary conditions. Although the component-based paradigm is commonly used in software engineering, it has only recently been applied for modeling hydrologic and earth systems. As a r...

The hydrological response of a medium-sized watershed with both rural and urban characteristics was investigated through event-based modeling. Different meteorological event conditions were examined, such as events high precipitation intensity, double peak, mainly normal to wet antecedent moisture conditions. Analysis the hydrometric features conducted by comparing different rainfall time inter...