For the eventual purpose of developing a generalized method for predicting precipitation from assumed accurate prognoses of the required meteorological element,s, a preliminary investigation is made of the contemporary relntionship between precipitation and the fields of moisture and wind in the atmosphere. Procedures are developed for calculating the rate of precipitation by computing the dive...

The accurate real-time detection of turbulent airflow patterns near airports is important for safety and comfort in commercial aviation. In this paper, a method is developed to identify Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) from horizontal lidar scans at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) in China. LCS are distinguished frame-independent material structures that create localized attraction, ...

An objective analysis procedure for generating mass-consistent, urban-scale three-dimensional wind fields is presented together with a comparison against existing techniques. The algorithm employs terrain following coo'rdinates and variable vertical grid spacing. Initial estimates of the velocity field are developed by interpolating surface and upper level wind measurements. A local terrain adj...

[1] The nocturnal drainage flow of air causes significant uncertainty in ecosystem CO2, H2O, and energy budgets determined with the eddy covariance measurement approach. In this study, we examined the magnitude, nature, and dynamics of the nocturnal drainage flow in a subalpine forest ecosystem with complex terrain. We used an experimental approach involving four towers, each with vertical prof...

terms of pre-selection of the aero layouts best suited for further optimization Abstract The first task within the STOW project was 'analytical – theoretical study in terms of pre-selection of the aero layouts best suited for further optimization' for universal Polish wind conditions. It was carried out by an extensive literature study on classic wind turbine configurations (two, tree –bladed h...

I ABSTRACT-The primitive equations are integrated with The model includes topography and is capable of respondrespect to the vertical coordinate, sigma. The resulting ing to diabatic heating. Experiments with and without equations contain vertical eddy terms arising from nonthe continuity equation are carried out, and a comparison linearities. These eddies are parameterized using a is made with...

The effects of large winds on the low-latitude E region ionosphere and the equatorial electrojet in particular are analyzed theoretically, computationally, and experimentally. The principles that govern the relationship between electric fields, currents, and winds in steady flows in the ionosphere are reviewed formally. A three-dimensional numerical model of low latitude ionospheric electrostat...

In this study, we proposed an empirical algorithm for significant wave height (SWH) retrieval from TerraSAR-X/TanDEM (TS-X/TD-X) X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) co-polarization (vertical-vertical (VV) and horizontal-horizontal (HH)) images. As the existing empirical algorithm at X-band, i.e., XWAVE, is applied for wave retrieval from HH-polarization TS-X/TD-X image, polarization ratio (PR...