Multi-sensory integration studies have shown that combining heterogeneous signals can optimize motor performance by reducing errors inherent to any single modality. However, it has also been suggested that errors could arise from erroneous transformations between heterogeneous coordinate systems. Here we investigated the effect of visuo-proprioceptive integration on the control of multi-joint a...

To determine whether other digits move when normal humans attempt to move just one digit, we asked 10 right-handed subjects to move one finger at a time while we recorded the motion of all five digits simultaneously with both a video motion analysis system and an instrumented glove. We quantified the independence of the digits to compare (1) the different digits, (2) the right versus the left h...

The purpose of this study is to investigate behaviors of motor units of m. biceps brachii (biceps short head muscle) during flexion movements in wide range of elbow joint angle. In this study, eight surface electromyograms(EMGs) were measured during flexion movements at constant angular velocity (isovelocity) and against constant torque in wide range (from 0 [deg] to 120 [deg]) of elbow joint a...

In our study we examined Bernstein's hypothesis that practice alters the motor coordination among the muscular and passive joint moments. In particular, we conducted dynamical analyses of a human multisegmental movement during the practice of a task involving the upper extremity. Seven male human volunteers performed maximal-speed, unrestrained vertical arm movements whose upward and downward t...

Fetal movements in the uterus are a natural part of development and are known to play an important role in normal musculoskeletal development. However, very little is known about the biomechanical stimuli that arise during movements in utero, despite these stimuli being crucial to normal bone and joint formation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to create a series of computational ste...

The neural-based control of a robotic hand has many clinical and engineering applications. Current approaches to this problem have been limited due to a lack of understanding of the relationship between neural signals and dynamic finger movements. Here, we present a technique to predict index finger joint angles from neural signals recorded from the associated muscles. The neural signals are co...

INTRODUCTION In open book injuries type Tile B1.1 or B1.2 also classified as APC II (anteroposterior compression), it remains controversial, if a fixation of the anterior ring provides sufficient stability or a fixation of the posterior ring should be included. Therefore the relative motion at the sacroiliac joint was quantified in a two-leg alternating load biomechanical pelvis model in the in...

It has been suggested that the learning of new dynamics occurs in intrinsic coordinates. However, it has also been suggested that elements that encode hand velocity, and hence act in an extrinsic frame of reference, play a role in the acquisition of dynamics. To reconcile claims regarding the coordinate system involved in the representation of dynamics, we have used a procedure involving the tr...

This work discusses various optimization techniques which were proposed in models for controlling arm movements. In particular, the minimum-muscle-tension-change model is investigated. A dynamic simulator of the monkey's arm, including seventeen single and double joint muscles, is utilized to generate horizontal hand movements. The hand trajectories produced by this algorithm are discussed.

To better understand human movements, biomechanical models must be developed that accurately describe human physiology and control strategies. Typically, biomechanical models must be adapted or hand tuned to study the countless unique users and tasks caused by human diversity and pathologic movement dysfunctions. The convergence of optimization theories, biomechanical models, and computational ...