Targeting the proteasome is a valuable approach for cancer therapy, potentially limited by pro-survival pathways that are induced in parallel to cell death. Whether these pro-survival pathways are activated in all cells, show different activation kinetics in sensitive versus resistant cells or interact functionally with cell death pathways is unknown. We monitored activation of the heat-shock r...

Cells cope with temperature elevations, which cause protein misfolding, by expressing heat shock proteins (HSPs). This adaptive response is called the heat shock response (HSR), and it is regulated mainly by heat shock transcription factor (HSF). Among the four HSF family members in vertebrates, HSF1 is a master regulator of HSP expression during proteotoxic stress including heat shock in mamma...

The Legislative Council in Hong Kong has approved a funding of USD$8.60 billion to build the high-speed rail (HSR) line linking mainland China. HSR is a break-through technology that allows trains running at a speed over 250 km per hour. The most controversial part of the HSR investment is whether its cost could be compensated by the social benefits. In this study, a cost-benefit analysis of th...

Proteotoxic stress (PS) is generated in cells under a variety of conditions involving accumulation of misfolded proteins. To avoid the toxicity of unmitigated PS, cells activate the heat shock response (HSR). HSR involves upregulation of factors such as ubiquitin and the non-housekeeping chaperone Hsp70 which assist with metabolism of aberrant proteins. The PS-HSR axis is a potential anticancer...

Objective: To compare the incidence rate of carboplatin hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) in gynecologic cancer patients receiving one-hour or two-hour carboplatin retreatment infusions. Setting: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Recurrent gynecologic cancer patients 25 to 80-years of age who were scheduled to receive carboplatin retreatment after previously receiving at least...

53BP1 contributes to activation of the G2/M checkpoint downstream of ATM and MDC1 in response to ionizing radiation and promotes nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) in mammalian cells. In order to determine whether the cellular activities of 53BP1 are conserved in the model organism C. elegans, we analyzed the function of its homolog, HSR-9 in response to DNA damage. Deletion or Mos1-insertion in ...

Availability of less-healthy packaged food and beverage products has been implicated as an important driver of obesity and diet-related disease. An increasing number of packaged foods and beverages are sold in India. Our objective was to evaluate the healthiness of packaged foods sold by India's largest manufacturers. Healthiness was assessed using the Australian Health Star Rating (HSR) system...

The heat shock response (HSR) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway designed to maintain proteostasis and to ameliorate toxic effects of aberrant protein folding. We have studied the modulation of the HSR by the scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)) and amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and investigated whether an activated HSR or the ectopic expression of individual chaperones can interfere with PrP(Sc)- or A...

Moderate environmental and physiological stressors are known to initiate protective heat shock response (HSR) leading to cell survival. HSR is largely mediated by the activation of heat shock factor (HSF), resulting in increased heat shock protein expression. Dysregulation of the HSR signaling has been associated with various diseases including cancer, inflammation and neurodegenerative disorde...

Hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation (HSR) causes oxidative stress, which results in multiple organ damage. The kidney is one of the target organs of HSR-mediated oxidative tissue injury. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, is induced by oxidative stress; it protects against oxidative tissue injuries. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of...