Implicit knowledge has been proposed to be the substrate of intuition because intuitive judgments resemble implicit processes. We investigated whether the automatically elicited mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) can reflect implicit knowledge and whether this knowledge can be utilized for intuitive sound discrimination. We also determined the se...

Ontologies contain knowledge about a domain for use by tools or humans. A source of knowledge should be usable by a human to ‘find out about’ or learn about the entities of a domain and their relationship to each other. The corpus of biomedical ontologies now contains ‘encyclopaedic’ knowledge about biology and should be capable of being used by humans to learn about entities in molecular biolo...

Philosophers since Hume have struggled with the logical problem of induction, but children solve an even more difficult task — the practical problem of induction. Children somehow manage to learn concepts, categories, and word meanings, and all on the basis of a set of examples that seems hopelessly inadequate. The practical problem of induction does not disappear with adolescence: adults face ...

In many practical situations, we are faced with a necessity to combine sophisticated mathematical knowledge about the analyzed systems with informal expert knowledge. To make this combination natural, it is desirable to reformulate the abstract mathematical knowledge in understandable intuitive terms. In this paper, we show how this can be done for an abstract metric. 1 For Data Fusion, It Is D...

This paper applies the the technique of Game Logic GL ! , which has recently been formulated by Kaneko and Nagashima, to Mccarthy's Three Wise Men Puzzle. The analysis makes it clear what one really knows when he or she knows it impossible to know something as well as how one can enrich his or her knowledge by knowing that someone else knows it impossible to know something. The point is that hu...

This paper presents a two-step methodology to annotate spatial knowledge on top of OntoNotes semantic roles. First, we manipulate semantic roles to automatically generate potential additional spatial knowledge. Second, we crowdsource annotations with Amazon Mechanical Turk to either validate or discard the potential additional spatial knowledge. The resulting annotations indicate whether entiti...