The aim of this retrospective single-institution observational study was to identify whether the frequency of hospitalizations for pneumonia would change before and after the initiation of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in children with neurological conditions. Included patients were 1 to 18 years old with an underlying neurological disease and had been prescribed nocturnal noninvasi...

The role of piliation in the development and course of acute pulmonary infection was examined using infant BALB/cByJ mice inoculated by intranasal instillation of isogenic Pil+ and Pil- mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1244, PAK, and PAO1. The piliated strains caused more cases of pneumonia, bacteremia, and mortality than the nonpiliated strains (chi-square analysis, alpha = 0.001). The pili...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Aspergillus fumigatus are opportunistic pathogens that cause fatal infections in graft recipients mainly 1–6 months after transplantation, the period of maximal immunosuppression required for the prevention of acute graft rejection. A CMV infection has been known to increase the risk of fungal infection in an immunocompromised host, and concurrent CMV andAspergillus pn...

It has become obvious that several interstitial lung diseases, and even viral lung infections, can progress rapidly, and exhibit similar features in their lung morphology. The final histopathological feature, common in these lung disorders, is diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). The histopathology of DAD is considered to represent end stage phenomenon in acutely behaving interstitial pneumonias, suc...

INTRODUCTION Primary leiomyoma of the lung is a rare benign tumor that usually presents as a solitary lesion predominantly in young females. Fewer than 100 cases have been reported. Common symptoms include fever, chronic cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, shortness of breath, and pneumonias. CASE PRESENTATION A 34-year-old, non-smoker female who presented with recurrent pneumonias. She was found ...

Pneumonias are usually acute infectious processes of the pulmonary parenchyma, being the result of the overcome of the natural defence mechanisms of the human organism, which lead to the penetration, persistence and multiplication of a biologic agent (which has become a pathogen agent) within the lungs. This is a phenomena which generates local manifestations (inflammation) and systemic manifes...

OBJECTIVE To establish baseline values of pneumonia incidence and mortality and to distinguish primary endogenous from secondary endogenous and exogenous pneumonias in a homogeneous patient population with severe burns. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING A six-bed burn ICU. PATIENTS All patients of > or = 14 years admitted to the ICU between January 1995 and June 1996 with a total body surface ...

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias include complex diseases that have a strong interaction between genetic makeup and environmental factors. However, in many cases, no infectious agent can be demonstrated, and these clinical diseases rapidly progress to death. Theoretically, idiopathic interstitial pneumonias could be caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, hepatitis C vi...