In the title compound, C(11)H(11)NO(4), the asymmetric unit contains two unique mol-ecules, both of which are almost planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.047 and 0.059 Å. The dihedral angles between the benzene ring and the plane of maleamic acid unit are 3.43 (5) and 5.79 (3)° in the two mol-ecules. The mol-ecular structures are stabilized by a short intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond within e...

This article reviews a method of hydrogen production based on partial non-catalytic oxidation natural gas in an original synthesis generator. The working principles the unit are similar to those liquid-propellant rocket engines. paper presents description operation and technical characteristics Its application creation small-scaled plants with capacity up 5–7 thousand m3/h is justified. Hydroge...

Glycerophosphate (GP)-dependent, ferricyanide-induced hydrogen peroxide production was studied in brown adipose tissue mitochondria from newborn rats. Relations between the rate of hydrogen peroxide production and total amount of hydrogen peroxide produced at different GP and ferricyanide concentrations were determined. It was found that the rate of hydrogen peroxide production increases with i...

Two important research areas that are part of NREL’s effort towards a photoelectrochemicalbased (PEC) direct water splitting system include surface modification to improve system energetics and triple junction amorphous silicon structures (α-Si) as a low-cost thin-film water spitting system. In the area of surface modification, p-GaInP2 surfaces were tailored by adsorption of metallated porphyr...

Various methods of water-splitting with use of solar energy are reviewed and compared to each other. Direct thermal method has the highest efficiency, but the difficulty is the heat-resisting materials. Thermochemical method is pro­ mising if the corrosion-resisting materi­ als are found. Electrolytic method is tra­ ditional, but the hybrid system combined with thermochemical and/or photochemic...

The potential for efficient production of hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuels using thermal plasmas has been investigated both analytically and experimentally. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the most efficient production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons can be achieved by partial oxidation (lambda = 0.25); at optimal conditions, the availability of the output fuel mixture is 83 percent of ...

The objective of this project is to create clean fuel for transportation using hydrogen powered by solar energy. Hydrogen has been generated by solar photovoltaic (PV) array and then collected for data analysis to demonstrate efficiency of the hydrogen production in all the steps of the experiment. The hydrogen produced from the electrolysis process was either stored in a metal hydride canister...

A review of conventional methods of production of hydrogen from fossil fuels is presented. Some advanced and unconventional methods of production of hydrogen based on fossil fuels are also presented. The general characteristics of the feedstocks used to produce hydrogen are first described. This is followed by the chemistry required to generate hydrogen. Then the chemical process operations and...

The limited fossil fuel prompts the prospecting of various unconventional energy sources to take over the traditional fossil fuel energy source. In this respect the use of hydrogen gas is an attractive alternate source. Attributed by its numerous advantages including those of environmentally clean, efficiency and renew ability, hydrogen gas is considered to be one of the most desired alternate....