Species distribution models (SDMs) are the main tool to predict global change impacts on species ranges. Climate change alone is frequently considered, but in freshwater ecosystems, hydrology is a key driver of the ecology of aquatic species. At large scale, hydrology is however rarely accounted for, owing to the lack of detailed stream flow data. In this study, we developed an integrated model...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract The role of meteorology, hydrology and atmospheric deposition on the temporal pattern of SO 4 and NO 3 concentrations was investigated for three streams draining alpine catchments in Northern Italy. The study sites lie on a gradient of atm...

Although millions of dollars are spent restoring wetlands, failures are common, in part because the planted vegetation cannot survive in the restored hydrology. Wetland restoration would be more successful if the hydrologic requirements of wetland plant communities were known so that the most appropriate plants could be selected for the range of projected hydrology at the site. Here we describe...

for more than half a century isotopes have been employed as a powerful tool in studying various aspects of water resources in a largenumber of countries. however, in developing countries like iran the application of such techniques is in its infancy. the first research iniran was carried out in 1975 to identify the source of saline groundwaters in south iran, and the first national conference o...

CONTENTS • There are apparent trends in streamflow volume—both increases and decreases—in many regions. These trends cannot all be definitively attributed to changes in regional temperature or precipitation. However, widespread accelerated glacier retreat and shifts in streamflow timing in many areas from spring to winter are more likely to be associated with climate change. • The effect of cli...

The SWATDRAIN model was developed by incorporating the subsurface flow model, DRAINMOD, into a watershed scale surface flow model, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment tool), to simulate the hydrology and water quality of agricultural watersheds. The model is capable of simulating hydrology under different agricultural management and climate scenarios. As an application of the SWATDRAIN model, the i...

Many of the scientific and societal challenges in understanding and preparing for global environmental change rest upon our ability to understand and predict the water cycle change at large river basin, continent, and global scales. However, current large-scale land models (as a component of Earth System Models, or ESMs) do not yet reflect the best hydrologic process understanding or utilize th...

In the late 1987, I began discussion on the education of hydrologists with Dr S. Dumitrescu, Director of the Division of Water Sciences of UNESCO. Our concern is reflected in the following two excerpts from the related correspondence: ".... There has been a growing awareness that hydrology as a geophysical science is making slow progress and has no solid foundations. A major (or perhaps the maj...

Research in hydrology has evolved from a rich history of site‐based (usually catchment‐based) field data collection. These studies typically have a small sample size—that is, one study hillslope or catchment and usually no replication. Although different to many other scientific fields where replication is sacrosanct, such field‐based discovery science has driven much of what we know about infi...