The ubiquitin proteasome system classically selects its substrates for degradation by tagging them with ubiquitin. Here, we describe another means of controlling proteasome function in a global manner. The 26S proteasome can be inhibited by modification with the enzyme, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). This reversible modification of the proteasome inhibits the proteolysis of the transcription facto...

Abstract The effect of hydrophobic modification on the performances collagen fibers (CFs) was investigated by using silane coupling agents with different alkyl chains as modifiers. It found could be easily grafted onto CF surface through covalent bonds under 5% water content. This led to transformation wettability from hydrophilic hydrophobic. Interestingly, change resulted in substantial impro...

Biocompatibility of intraocular lens (IOL) is critical to vision reconstruction after cataract surgery. Foldable hydrophobic acrylic IOL is vulnerable to the adhesion of extracellular matrix proteins and cells, leading to increased incidence of postoperative inflammation and capsule opacification. To increase IOL biocompatibility, we synthesized a hydrophilic copolymer P(MPC-MAA) and grafted th...

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is known as one of the most established polymers for making elastomers. Therefore, it commonly used fabrication biomedical devices. Many PDMS surface modification processes have been proposed recently to increase reliability in medical fields. However, modified surface's long-term stability still limited. Hydrophobic recovery widely recognized a factor that reduces...

Abstract Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch is widely used to stabilize emulsions. Nevertheless, the poor compatibility of with hydrophobic groups has restricted performance OSA modification. In this work, potato was pre-treated once or twice (dry heating, acetylation, and acid modification) prior Pre-treatments increased degree substitution (DS), hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, decreased ...

Glycol chitosan (GC) and its derivatives have been extensively investigated as safe and effective drug delivery carriers because of their unique physiochemical and biological properties. The reactive functional groups such as the amine and hydroxyl groups on the GC backbone allow for easy chemical modification with various chemical compounds (e.g., hydrophobic molecules, crosslinkers, and acid-...

The smaller isoform of the GABA synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase, GAD65, is synthesized as a soluble protein that undergoes post-translational modification(s) in the NH2-terminal region to become anchored to the membrane of small synaptic-like microvesicles in pancreatic beta cells, and synaptic vesicles in GABA-ergic neurons. A soluble hydrophilic form, a soluble hydrophobic for...

We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a human. The patient was a 5-year-old girl referred to us through the onset of a cyanotic attack. Treatment with a single dose (10 mg/kg of body weight) of praziquantel was ineffective, but the parasite was eradicated after three treatment cycles with the same drug at dosages of 25 mg/kg/day for 5 days.

A combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM) was used to measure simultaneously the interaction force and the spatiotemporal evolution of the thin water film between a bubble in water and mica surfaces with varying degrees of hydrophobicity. Stable films, supported by the repulsive van der Waals-Casimir-Lifshitz force were always observed...