Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) processes based on TiCl4 as the metal source, and hydroquinone (HQ), 4-aminophenol (AP), p-phenylenediamine (PDA) or 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) organic precursor are systematically investigated to shed light factors affecting inorganic-organic thin film growth. All four ALD/MLD yield amorphous Ti-organic films which here characterized by ex-situ X-ray re...

Wholly aromatic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) are an important class of high-performance materials, which offer a combination of excellent thermal and mechanical properties. TLCPs can be processed from the nematic melt into high-modulus fibers, films and molded articles. However, despite their all-aromatic composition, main-chain TLCPs exhibit low glass transition temperature...

Rainbow trout liver microsomes were used to study the O-demethylation and ring hydroxylation of 4-methoxyphenol (4-MP) (4-hydroxyanisole) at 11 and 25°C by directly measuring the production of the primary metabolite hydroquinone (HQ), 4-methoxycatechol (4-MCAT), and additional metabolites. An HPLC method with integrated ultraviolet (UV) and electrochemical detection (ECD) was developed for meta...

Background Melasma is a common disorder of pigmentation, characterized by symmetric brown or brown-gray patches in sun-exposed facial areas. Hydroquinone (HQ) is the most effective agent in melasma treatment; however it has some adverse events (AE) that limit its extensive use. We evaluated the clinical response of aminoacid filaggrin-based antioxidants (AFBA) in Mexican patients with centrofac...

Electrochemical polymerization of aniline is one of the most promising methods to prepare polyaniline (PANI) materials. However, during this process, the electrolyte solution must be replaced after electropolymerization of a certain time because of the generation and the accumulation of the by-products, which have significant effects on the morphology, purity and properties of PANI products. Tr...

We report first-principles density-functional calculations for hydroquinone (HQ), indolequinone (IQ), and semiquinone (SQ). These molecules are believed to be the basic building blocks of the eumelanins, a class of biomacromolecules with important biological functions (including photoprotection) and with the potential for certain bioengineering applications. We have used the difference of self-...

We evaluated the antibacterial activities of selected edible Korean plant seeds against the food-borne pathogens Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1927, Escherichia coli KCTC2593, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC2054, and Bacillus cereus KCTC1014. While screening for antibacterial agents, we discovered that wheat germ extract contains 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DMBQ) and is highly inhibitory to S. aure...

Phenylalkanols such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol (h-tyrosol), which possess antioxidant and anticancer properties, were phosphatidylated by phospholipase D (PLD)-catalyzed transphosphatidylation. After a 24-hour reaction of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and tyrosol with PLD, a new product was detected by TLC and identified to phosphatidyl-tyrosol by high-resolution MS and NMR analyses. The optimum ...

Three cosmetically important skin lightening agents, hydroquinone (HQ), kojic acid (KA), and niacinamide (NA), consume the bulk of successful skin lightening ingredients in cosmetic applications. However, the mechanisms by which these ingredients work are still unclear. In this study, melanocytes and keratinocytes were treated with high, nontoxic doses of HQ, KA, and NA and the cells were exami...

The kinetic characteristics of soil urease have attracted great attention, but little information was available on its kinetic and thermodynamic behaviors as affected by urease inhibitors and temperature. With black soil (Pachic Udic Mollisol) in Heilongjiang Province of Northeast China as a test soil, an incubation test was conducted to investigate the effect of urease inhibitors (hydroquinone...