BACKGROUND Testicular adrenal rest tumors are a benign condition characterized by the presence of remnants of adrenal tissue within the testes that can lead to infertility. Testicular microlithiasis are calculus deposits within the seminiferous tubules. Both are described in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. OBJECTIVES Describe the frequency of testicular adrenal rest tumors and testicular micr...

BACKGROUND The full burden of nephropathic cystinosis in adulthood and the effects of long-term oral cysteamine therapy on its nonrenal complications have not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To assess the severity of cystinosis in adults receiving and not receiving oral cysteamine therapy. DESIGN Case series. SETTING National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. PATIENTS 100 persons (58 men...

Primary testicular failure (PTF) or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism refers to conditions where testes fail to produce sperm despite adequate hormonal support. Primary testicular failure is major cause of non-obstructive azoospermia and oligospermia. It affects approximately 1% of all men and 10% of those seeking fertility evaluations [1]. Non-obstructive azoospermia i.e. defect in spermatogenesi...

Turner syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal disorders. It is caused by numerical or structural abnormalities of the X chromosome and results in short stature and gonadal dysgenesis. The short stature arises from haploinsufficiency of the SHOX gene, whereas overdosage contributes to tall stature. This report describes the first Korean case of Turner syndrome with tall stature caused by...

UNLABELLED Madelung's disease is a rare fat metabolism disorder characterised by benign multiple symmetric, encapsulated lipomatosis. The exact cause of the disease is unknown; it may be associated with chronic alcoholism and mutations in mitochondrial DNA (A8344G), but there have been cases without these factors reported in the literature. A 29-year-old man with a 6-year history of diabetes me...

OBJECTIVE Osteocalcin is a well-known marker of bone formation. Recently, mice lacking osteocalcin or its receptor were reported to be subfertile with low testosterone and high luteinizing hormone concentrations. In parallel, in humans, a loss-of-function mutation of the osteocalcin receptor was associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. This suggests that osteocalcin is necessary for norm...

Ovotesticular disorder of sexual development (DSD), formerly known as true hermaphroditism, is a rare form of DSD in which both testicular and ovarian tissues are present in the same individual either in a single gonad (ovotestis) or in opposite gonads with a testis and an ovary on each side. The diagnosis of ovotesticular DSD is based solely on the presence of ovarian and testicular tissue in ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the genetic cause of slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural deafness, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in 5 patients from 3 different families. METHODS The patients comprised 2 sib pairs and 1 sporadic patient. Clinical assessment included history, physical examination, and brain MRI. Linkage analysis was performed separately on the 2 sets of sib pairs us...

Hypogonadism is reported to be an independent risk factor for the development of central obesity in men, and epidemiologic studies indicate an inverse relation between serum testosterone and obesity [1]. In patients with prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapies increased body fat mass [2], whereas it is known that androgen can prevent the differentiation of pluripotent cells into an adip...