Subgaleal hemorrhages, although infrequent in the past, are becoming more common with the increased use of vacuum extraction. Bleeding into the large subgaleal space can quickly lead to hypovolemic shock, which can be fatal. Understanding of anatomy, pathophysiology, risk factors, differential diagnosis, and management will assist in early recognition and care of the infant with a subgaleal hem...

BACKGROUND We designed this study to expand the usage of ultrasound to detect early occurrence of hypovolemia. We explore the potential use of inferior vena cava (IVC) and abdominal aorta (AA) diameter index (IVC:AA) measured ultrasonographically to detect class 1 hypovolemic shock with blood loss less than 15%.ᅟ METHODS The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the diameter of in...

Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue perfusion due to cardiac dysfunction, most commonly caused by acute myocardial infarction. Mortality rates for patients with cardiogenic shock remain frustratingly high, ranging from 50% to 80%. This high mortality can be counteracted by urgent revascularization and these patients benefit from a prompt invasive procedure. We present an unusual c...

BACKGROUND Obstetric hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality. Using a cluster randomized design, we investigated whether application of the Non-pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (NASG) before transport to referral hospitals (RHs) from primary health care centers (PHCs) decreased adverse outcomes among women with hypovolemic shock. We hypothesized the NASG group would have a 50% reducti...

INTRODUCTION Dermatomyositis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by muscular and dermatologic symptoms with variable internal organ involvement. This is the first report on a patient with acute dermatomyositis and fulminant systemic capillary leak syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION A 69-year-old Caucasian woman with chronic dermatomyositis presented with clinical signs of severe hypovol...

Myocardial infarction after wasp sting is a rare event and this complication has been described in only a few previous occasions. We report the case of a 77-year-old patient admitted to our hospital because of an anaphylactic shock after he was stung by a wasp on the fifth finger of the left hand. Within about half an hour he sustained an acute myocardial infarction. Possible pathogenetic mecha...

The basis for the high incidence of infectious complications in portal hypertension (PHT) remains unclear. The hypothesis that PHT induces bacterial translocation (BT) was tested in a rat model with or without mono-association with streptomycin resistant Escherichia coli C25 and with or without hypovolemic shock. PHT was achieved by partial portal vein ligation and three weeks later hypovolemic...