The May 4th Movement of 1919 is a significant period ideological change in Chinese modern history, and it during this time that the enlightenment women made its debut. Led by intellectuals, they, from all angles, criticized traditional social structure, etiquette feudal family system hindering liberation development women, further discussed emancipation terms education, economic independence, s...

This paper investigates the introduction of and consequences of the “Vision Zero” (Nollvisionen) that was part of a law passed in 1997 and called for a radical reduction of deaths caused by road traffic. We try to answer the question why the Vision Zero has failed to reach its goals for the last ten years. The introduction of the Vision Zero can be explained with a combination of changes in tra...

Over the past 15 years, there has been an explosion of research and inquiry into the burnout phenomenon. The study of burnout has moved from a hot topic to a serious issue which affects millions of workers (Farber, 1983). “Burned out professionals are more frequently absent or late for work than their non-burned out colleagues; they become noticeably less idealistic and more rigid; their perfor...

A centuries-old philosophical issue--Do honorable intentions make an action praiseworthy or is the best action one that generates the greatest good for the greatest number?--was examined by telling subjects who were working to earn money for themselves or a charity that they succeeded or failed at the task. Confirming predictions derived from personal moral philosophy theory, idealistic individ...

In this paper, electrical heat engines driven by the Johnson-Nyquist noise of resistors are introduced. They utilize Coulomb’s law and the fluctuation–dissipation theorem of statistical physics. In these engines, resistors, capacitors and switches are the building elements. For best performance, a large number of parallel engines must be integrated to run in a synchronized fashion, and the size...

In this paper capacity withholding in an oligopolistic electricity market that all Generation Companies (GenCos) bid in a Cournot model is analyzed and the capacity withheld index, the capacity distortion index and the price distortion index are obtained and formulated. Then a new index, Distortion-Withheld Index (DWI), is proposed in order to measure the potential ability of market for capacit...

background: deterministic thinking is one of the major cognitive distortions. this type of thinking ignores any possibility in making a conclusion about events. any consequence of an event may be thought as: 2×2= 4. equality is a dominant factor among all conclusions of this kind of distortion. distortion emerges in cognitive rigidity in the mind and could be the source of all distortions. cogn...