Recent research into the navigational strategies of homing pigeons, Columba livia, in familiar area has highlighted phenomenon route fidelity: birds forming idiosyncratic flight paths to which they are loyal over multiple releases from same site, and even returning this path when released a nearby unfamiliar location. Such results highlight potential importance visual landmark cues process. How...

In synaesthesia one type of stimulation evokes the sensation of another, such as when hearing a sound produces photisms--that is, mental percepts of colours. In the past, the idiosyncrasy of this phenomenon, as well as the natural mistrust of scientists towards the subjective, consigned synaesthesia to the periphery of scientific interest. However, the landscape has changed radically in the las...

This chapter is concerned with the possibility of accounting for word order and word order variation in terms of complexity. I propose that it is useful to consider word order variation in terms of competing constructions, where other things being equal, the less complex construction is preferred by speakers. This view of variation presupposes that we have a way of measuring complexity. I sugge...

This article explores the concept of social mobility through lens my own family history. My parents were baby boomers, beneficiaries 1944 Education Act and opening new universities in 1960s. They helped less by meritocratic ideal elite education than more widely available benefits, such as public libraries, student grants, free time a sense not feeling driven into purely pragmatic choices. I ar...

I n the last few years the use of nerve agent in the Tokyo subway by Aum Shinrikyo and al Qaeda’s offensive leading to its 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon forced us to reevaluate the threat of terrorism to our art of operations. As a term of art, asymmetric warfare now dominates public attention. But many use the term with little understanding of its operational meaning....