T he risk of infective endocarditis (IE) remains a major concern in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), whether unrepaired, palliated, or corrected. The overall incidence of endocarditis in adults with CHD has been reported to be 11 per 100 000 person-years, which is a considerable increase compared with the general population, in which a rate of 1.5 to 6.0 per 100 000 patient-years h...

The integrated extinction (IE) is defined as the integral of the scattering cross section as a function of wavelength. Sohl et al. (2007 J. Acoust. Soc. Am.122, 3206-3210. (doi:10.1121/1.2801546)) derived an IE expression for acoustic scattering that is causal, i.e. the scattered wavefront in the forward direction arrives later than the incident plane wave in the background medium. The IE formu...

background: molecules expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes (ie) with plasmodium falci-parum play important roles in malaria pathogenesis and immune evasion. some of these molecules are specific adhesive ligands mediating adhesion of ie to the vascular endothelium. in the current study, the antigens exposed on the surface of ie with different isolates and various binding subpopulati...

In the background where there are many factors affecting Japanese families such as decrease of children, change family structures, gender concept, etc., "family'' has become a noticeable issue attracting much attention nowadays. The type traditional named "IE'' was officially regulated in law during Meiji period. After war, legal status eliminated; however, reality, still remains popular. fact,...

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that a combination of induced estrus (IE) and melatonin (MEL) would increase reproductive performance in breeds characterized by late maturity more than either IE or MEL alone. Spring-born Columbia (C; n = 161; 188 to 222 d range of age at breeding; 49 to 80 kg range of BW at breeding) and Targhee (T; n = 166; 183 to 210 d range of age at b...