The Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean stock of Bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus (BFTE) has long been considered overfished and at risk of collapse. Although ICCAT quotas for this stock have decreased considerably over the past years, uncertainty exists about the degree of catch beyond this quota. The extent of such catch is an important piece of information in stock assessment models as well as be...

Iceland is heading for a fight with the European Union by flouting mackerel quotas.

This paper examines the consequences of a liberalisation EU sugar policy on Australia and other third countries. Four scenarios are simulated showing trade production effects gradual phasing-out domestic support measures import tariffs using two partial equilibrium models linked to each other. Compared with previous work, tariff rate quotas represented in great detail, going beyond classical si...

according to amount of oil seeds import in iran are more than 80% of domestic needs, in this study, import comparative advantage in soybeans using rca and rsca index is calculated in 1961-2008 periods for iran and ten important importer countries. iran’s competition state is investigated. also long run relation between production and import comparative advantage index is estimated using johanse...

This paper analyzes China’s experience under U.S. apparel and textile quotas. It makes use of a new database that tracks U.S. trading partners’ performance under the quota regimes established by the global Multifiber Arrangement (1974 to 1995) and subsequent Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (1995 to 2005). We find that China was relatively more constrained under these regimes than other count...

Non-strategic firms with rational expectations make investment and emissions decisions. The investment rule depends on firms’ beliefs about future emissions policies. We compare emissions taxes and quotas when the (strategic) regulator and (nonstrategic) firms have asymmetric information about abatement costs, and all agents use Markov Perfect decision rules. Emissions taxes create a secondary ...

Knowledge about sleep comes primarily from research on mammalian species, whose daily sleep quotas range from 4 to 19 hours, with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep occupying 10% to 50% of this time. Findings of REM sleep or elements of it in monotremes have filled a gap in its evolutionary history. To some, this suggests that REM was inherited from reptiles, although the absence of REM in living r...

We consider the well-studied Hospital Residents (HR) problem in the presence of lower quotas (LQ). The input instance consists of a bipartite graph G = (R∪H, E) where R and H denote sets of residents and hospitals respectively. Every vertex has a preference list that imposes a strict ordering on its neighbors. In addition, each hospital h has an associated upper-quota q+(h) and lower-quota q−(h...

According to conventional wisdom, raising the quota either causes a committee to retain the status quo or has no effect on its performance; so a committee which would otherwise reach good decisions should operate with a low quota. We show, per contra, that reducing the quota may improve the quality of new decisions which a private committee reaches. In particular, it is optimal to reduce the qu...