BACKGROUND To assess the effect of policies supporting local medicine production to improve access to medicines. METHODS We adapted the WHO/HAI instruments measuring medicines availability and prices to differentiate local from imported products, then pilot tested in Ethiopia and Tanzania. In each outlet, prices were recorded for all products in stock for medicines on a country-specific list....

A laboratory study comparing the Widal slide agglutination test using local antigens produced by Mekar Jaya Diagnostica (SAT-MJD) with imported antigens (Murex, Abbott) was carried out on 55 sera of typhoid fever patients with positive blood culture and 56 sera of non-typhoid febrile patients. The SAT-MJD antigens consisted of a mixture of 5 different phage-types of S. typhi dominantly found in...

With the use of smart mobile devices, learning opportunities have been greatly increased in education. Especially, digital textbooks are the new primary digital instructional resource for elementary and middle schools. The use of electronic textbooks in a mobile learning environment assists collaborative learning and increases access to educational resources. Learners are now able to share thei...

Textbooks and Research Journals Conventional wisdom holds that marketing textbooks are based on established marketing concepts. Readers assume that the contents of these books reliably summarize research findings to provide foundational information for students. In what is assumed to be a virtuous and reciprocal relationship, knowledge is generated in research, published in journal articles, an...

AIM To evaluate the structure of the anatomy program in the first year medical curriculum of University of Split School of Medicine by comparing it with the recommendations by the Educational Affairs Committee of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists (AACA) and the Terminologia Anatomica (TA); we also quantitatively evaluated the organization of teaching material in contemporary topog...

humanism and socio-constructivism have entailed drastic developments in education including that of foreign/second language. incorporating teachers and learners in all areas of education including materials development and evaluation, focusing four-pairs of binoculars on evaluating efl materials can be taken amongst the outcomes of this trend.  this study is a report of an evaluation of the esp...