mulla sadra has presented four theories on existential propositions which at first glance seem to be completely different from each other. the present article claims that, if we consider these four views from the perspective of the principality of existence and from the perspective of the principality of quiddity we will find that: firstly, these four views are reducible to two, and secondly, t...

John Gardner’s Grendel is a celebrated example of the ontological postmodernist fiction. Along with a discovery of self with which Grendel the narrator of the novel is concerned, grand narratives such as philosophy are questioned. Grendel denies the external objective reality and generously allows the legitimacy of fantastic and non-realistic methods by using “life-affirming fabulous art” as it...

Hubungan ilmu (sains) dan agama, baik dalam ranah ontologis, epistemologis maupun aksiologis selalu menyisakan persoalan yang tidak pernah selesai dibicarakan. Ilmu pengetahuan dewasa ini mengalami dikotomisasi akibat gerakan sekularisasi barat sehingga ada pemisahan antara umum agama. diidentikkan dengan sumber pengambilannya dari alam semesta, sedangkan agama bersumber wahyu, padahal semua it...

hegel has an overview regarding religion and its process. by passing the art, religion and philosophy, this process goes from the lowest to the highest part. this article is going to clarify the difference between the hegel's treatment of religion in various periods of his thought. it also considers the historical phenomenology of religion in hegel's philosophy. in this regard in whic...

principality of existence, which is one of the most fundamental issues in primary philosophy, is one of the main branches of ṣadr al-muti’allihīn's philosophy and nearly all discourses of transcendental philosophy are considered to be based on it, to the extent that the transcendence of mullā ṣadrā’s philosophy is considered due to the transcendence of existence and the “existence” as his first...