Is class inclusion (hyponymy) a more primitive or simpler semantic relation than synonymy? This question was addressed by comparing the time required to identify examples of the two relations in a semantic decision task. In two experiments subjects made true~false decisions about statements of the form "An A is a B. "" In Experiment 1 category-member and synonym pairs were randomly intermixed; ...

A simulation group study examined whether the effects of group norms on 7- and 9-year-old children's intergroup attitudes can be moderated by a contrary school norm. Children learnt that their school had an inclusion norm, were assigned to a group with an outgroup inclusion or exclusion norm, and indicated their ingroup and outgroup attitudes under teacher surveillance or not. Results revealed ...

In the spatial domain, the inclusion of an object in a region can be defined by inequations containing trigonometric expressions and several variables. Proving that a relation holds involves constraint solving. To circumvent the computational difficulties arising for these problems, we explore the applicablility of classification learning programs to this domain.

It is well known that members of families of polynomials, that are orthogonal with respect to an inner product determined by a nonnegative measure on the real axis, satisfy a three-term recursion relation. Analogous recursion formulas are available for orthogonal Laurent polynomials with a pole at the origin. This paper investigates recursion relations for orthogonal rational functions with arb...

In this paper, with the use of newly defined class up and down log–convex fuzzy-number valued mappings, we offer a few new original mappings by applying some mild restrictions over definition mapping. With these are able to develop partners Fejér-type inequalities for log–convexity, which improve upon certain previously established findings. The discussion also includes mappings’ characteristic...

One enduring principle of rational inference is category inclusion: Categories inherit the properties of their superordinates. In five experiments, I show that people do not consistently apply this principle when evaluating categorical arguments involving natural categories and a single nonexplainable predicate such as all electronic equipment has parts made of germanium, therefore all stereos ...

In this paper we analyze k-ary inclusion-exclusion logic, INEX[k], which is obtained by extending first order logic with k-ary inclusion and exclusion atoms. We show that every formula of INEX[k] can be expressed with a formula of k-ary existential second order logic, ESO[k]. Conversely, every formula of ESO[k] with at most k-ary free relation variables can be expressed with a formula of INEX[k...

The concept-oriented data model (COM) is an emerging approach to data modeling which is based on three novel principles: duality, inclusion and order. These three structural principles provide a basis for modeling domain-specific identities, object hierarchies and data semantics. In this paper these core principles of COM are presented from the point of view of object data models (ODM). We desc...

Many networks are completely encapsulated using a single node type and a single edge type. Often a more complicated model composed of multiple distinct node and edge types can be constructed to create a more informative network [2]. We call the former homogeneous networks and the latter heterogeneous. The ability to homogenize networks varies wildly, dependent on the network under analysis and ...